महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-240, verse-45

सुयोधनो ययावग्रे श्रिया परमया ज्वलन् ।
कर्णेन सार्धं राजेन्द्र सौबलेन च देविना ॥४५॥

45. suyodhano yayāvagre śriyā paramayā jvalan ,
karṇena sārdhaṁ rājendra saubalena ca devinā.

45. suyodhanaḥ yayau agre śriyā paramayā jvalan
karṇena sārdham rājendra saubalena ca devinā

45. O best of kings, Suyodhana (Duryodhana) marched at the front, blazing with supreme splendor, accompanied by Karṇa and Saubala (Śakuni), the gambler.

Words meanings summery:

• सुयोधनः (suyodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (Suyodhana)

• ययौ (yayau) - he went, he marched

• अग्रे (agre) - in front, ahead, at the head

• श्रिया (śriyā) - with splendor, glory, beauty

• परमया (paramayā) - with supreme, utmost, highest

• ज्वलन् (jvalan) - shining, blazing, burning

• कर्णेन (karṇena) - by Karṇa, with Karṇa

• सार्धम् (sārdham) - along with, together with

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O best of kings, O chief of kings

• सौबलेन (saubalena) - with Śakuni (son of Subala) (with Saubala)

• च (ca) - and

• देविना (devinā) - with Śakuni, who was known as a gambler (by the gambler, with the gambler)

Words meanings and morphology

सुयोधनः (suyodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (Suyodhana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suyodhana

suyodhana - good warrior, easy to fight; proper name (Duryodhana)

Compound of `su` (good, well) and `yodhana` (warrior, fighting). An alternative name or epithet for Duryodhana.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+yodhana)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix meaning 'good' or 'well'.
• yodhana – fighting, warrior
  noun (masculine)
  secondary derivative
  Derived from root `yudh` (to fight).
  Root: yudh (class 4)

ययौ (yayau) - he went, he marched

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Liṭ) of yā

Perfect

Root `yā` (to go), Perfect (Liṭ), parasmaipada.

Root: yā (class 2)

अग्रे (agre) - in front, ahead, at the head

(indeclinable)

Locative case of `agra` used adverbially.

Note: Adverbial usage of the locative case.

श्रिया (śriyā) - with splendor, glory, beauty

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of śrī

śrī - splendor, glory, prosperity, beauty, wealth, goddess Lakṣmī

परमया (paramayā) - with supreme, utmost, highest

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of parama

parama - supreme, highest, ultimate, greatest, principal

Note: Modifies 'śriyā'.

ज्वलन् (jvalan) - shining, blazing, burning

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jvalat

jvalat - shining, blazing, burning

Present Active Participle

Derived from root `jval` (to shine, burn) in the present tense, active voice.

Root: jval (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'suyodhanaḥ'.

कर्णेन (karṇena) - by Karṇa, with Karṇa

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (proper name); ear

सार्धम् (sārdham) - along with, together with

(indeclinable)

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O best of kings, O chief of kings

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - chief of kings, excellent king, emperor

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king, ruler, sovereign
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, best, lord
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (who is blind and being narrated to).

सौबलेन (saubalena) - with Śakuni (son of Subala) (with Saubala)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of saubala

saubala - son of Subala

Patronymic (aṇ suffix) derived from `Subala`.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

देविना (devinā) - with Śakuni, who was known as a gambler (by the gambler, with the gambler)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of devin

devin - gambler, dice-player

Derived from root `div` (to play, to throw dice) + `in` suffix.

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Refers to Saubala (Śakuni).