महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-240, verse-1

दानवा ऊचुः ।
भोः सुयोधन राजेन्द्र भरतानां कुलोद्वह ।
शूरैः परिवृतो नित्यं तथैव च महात्मभिः ॥१॥

1. dānavā ūcuḥ ,
bhoḥ suyodhana rājendra bharatānāṁ kulodvaha ,
śūraiḥ parivṛto nityaṁ tathaiva ca mahātmabhiḥ.

1. dānavāḥ ūcuḥ bhoḥ suyodhana rājendra bharatānām kulodvaha
śūraiḥ parivṛtaḥ nityam tathā eva ca mahātmabhiḥ

1. The Dānavas said: "O Suyodhana, King of Kings, upholder of the Bhāratas' lineage! You are always surrounded by heroes and by great-souled ones."

Words meanings summery:

• दानवाः (dānavāḥ) - Dānavas (a class of demons)

• ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said, they spoke

• भोः (bhoḥ) - O! (vocative particle)

• सुयोधन (suyodhana) - O Suyodhana (Duryodhana)

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O King of Kings, O Emperor

• भरतानाम् (bharatānām) - referring to the lineage of the Kuru dynasty, which includes Duryodhana (of the Bhāratas (descendants of Bharata))

• कुलोद्वह (kulodvaha) - epithet for Duryodhana, emphasizing his role in the Bhārata lineage (O upholder of the lineage, O bearer of the family)

• शूरैः (śūraiḥ) - by heroes, by brave men

• परिवृतः (parivṛtaḥ) - surrounded, encompassed

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, eternally

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner, and likewise

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• महात्मभिः (mahātmabhiḥ) - by great-souled ones, by noble-minded individuals

Words meanings and morphology

दानवाः (dānavāḥ) - Dānavas (a class of demons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dānava

dānava - a descendant of Danu, a class of demons or giants, an Asura

ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said, they spoke

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

perfect (lit)

Third person plural, perfect tense, active voice, of root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

भोः (bhoḥ) - O! (vocative particle)

(indeclinable)

सुयोधन (suyodhana) - O Suyodhana (Duryodhana)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of suyodhana

suyodhana - good warrior, easy to fight; name of Duryodhana

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O King of Kings, O Emperor

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - chief of kings, king of kings, emperor

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king, ruler, sovereign
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• indra – chief, lord, best, Indra (deity)
  noun (masculine)

भरतानाम् (bharatānām) - referring to the lineage of the Kuru dynasty, which includes Duryodhana (of the Bhāratas (descendants of Bharata))

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bharata

bharata - a descendant of Bharata, name of an ancient king, name of a tribe or people

कुलोद्वह (kulodvaha) - epithet for Duryodhana, emphasizing his role in the Bhārata lineage (O upholder of the lineage, O bearer of the family)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kulodvaha

kulodvaha - upholder of the family, bearer of the lineage

Compound type : tatpurusha (kula+udvaha)

• kula – family, lineage, race, clan
  noun (neuter)
• udvaha – bearer, upholder, carrier, producer
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ut
  Root: vah (class 1)

शूरैः (śūraiḥ) - by heroes, by brave men

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - hero, warrior, brave, valiant

परिवृतः (parivṛtaḥ) - surrounded, encompassed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parivṛta

vṛ - to choose, to cover, to surround

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛ with prefix pari, forming a past passive participle

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, eternally

(indeclinable)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner, and likewise

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

महात्मभिः (mahātmabhiḥ) - by great-souled ones, by noble-minded individuals

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble-minded, exalted, a great person

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – soul, self, spirit, essential nature, individual soul (ātman)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)