महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-203, verse-5

अविद्याबहुलो मूढः स्वप्नशीलो विचेतनः ।
दुर्दृशीकस्तमोध्वस्तः सक्रोधस्तामसोऽलसः ॥५॥

5. avidyābahulo mūḍhaḥ svapnaśīlo vicetanaḥ ,
durdṛśīkastamodhvastaḥ sakrodhastāmaso'lasaḥ.

5. avidyābahulaḥ mūḍhaḥ svapnaśīlaḥ vicetanaḥ |
durdṛśīkaḥ tamasdhvastaḥ sakrodhaḥ tāmasaḥ alasaḥ

5. A person characterized by tamas is full of ignorance (avidyā), deluded, prone to excessive sleep, lacking consciousness, with distorted vision, completely overcome by tamas, angry, and lazy.

Words meanings summery:

• अविद्याबहुलः (avidyābahulaḥ) - full of ignorance, rich in nescience

• मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - deluded, foolish, bewildered

• स्वप्नशीलः (svapnaśīlaḥ) - prone to sleep, having a sleepy disposition

• विचेतनः (vicetanaḥ) - unconscious, bewildered, lacking awareness, senseless

• दुर्दृशीकः (durdṛśīkaḥ) - having bad sight/vision, ugly, having a distorted view/understanding

• तमस्ध्वस्तः (tamasdhvastaḥ) - overcome by tamas, destroyed by darkness

• सक्रोधः (sakrodhaḥ) - with anger, angry, furious

• तामसः (tāmasaḥ) - The person being described. (tamasic, relating to tamas, dark, ignorant)

• अलसः (alasaḥ) - lazy, idle, sluggish

Words meanings and morphology

अविद्याबहुलः (avidyābahulaḥ) - full of ignorance, rich in nescience

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avidyābahula

avidyābahula - abundant in ignorance, full of nescience

Compound type : bahuvrihi (avidyā+bahula)

• avidyā – ignorance, nescience, spiritual ignorance
  noun (feminine)
  Negation 'a' + vidyā (knowledge)
  Prefix: a
  Root: vid (class 2)
• bahula – abundant, plentiful, numerous, dense
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Predicative adjective for the implied subject (a tāmasa person).

मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - deluded, foolish, bewildered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mūḍha

mūḍha - deluded, foolish, bewildered, ignorant

Past Passive Participle

root muh, Past Passive Participle

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Predicative adjective.

स्वप्नशीलः (svapnaśīlaḥ) - prone to sleep, having a sleepy disposition

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svapnaśīla

svapnaśīla - prone to sleep, sleepy, indolent

Compound type : tatpurusha (svapna+śīla)

• svapna – sleep, dream
  noun (masculine)
  Root: svap (class 2)
• śīla – nature, habit, disposition, character
  noun (masculine)

Note: Predicative adjective.

विचेतनः (vicetanaḥ) - unconscious, bewildered, lacking awareness, senseless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vicetana

vicetana - unconscious, senseless, bewildered, lacking awareness

From vi (prefix) + cetana (conscious).

Prefix: vi

Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective.

दुर्दृशीकः (durdṛśīkaḥ) - having bad sight/vision, ugly, having a distorted view/understanding

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durdṛśīka

durdṛśīka - ugly, ill-looking, having bad vision or distorted perception

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dur+dṛśīkā)

• dur – bad, difficult, ill-
  indeclinable
• dṛśīkā – sight, vision, appearance
  noun (feminine)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective.

तमस्ध्वस्तः (tamasdhvastaḥ) - overcome by tamas, destroyed by darkness

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tamodhvasta

tamodhvasta - overcome by darkness/ignorance (tamas)

Compound type : tatpurusha (tamas+dhvasta)

• tamas – darkness, inertia, ignorance
  noun (neuter)
• dhvasta – destroyed, ruined, overcome, fallen
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  root dhvaṃs, Past Passive Participle
  Root: dhvaṃs (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective.

सक्रोधः (sakrodhaḥ) - with anger, angry, furious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sakrodha

sakrodha - accompanied by anger, angry

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+krodha)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• krodha – anger, wrath
  noun (masculine)
  Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Predicative adjective.

तामसः (tāmasaḥ) - The person being described. (tamasic, relating to tamas, dark, ignorant)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tāmasa

tāmasa - tamasic, relating to tamas, dark, ignorant, dull

Derived from tamas with suffix -a.

Note: Acts as a noun here, 'the tamasic one'.

अलसः (alasaḥ) - lazy, idle, sluggish

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of alasa

alasa - lazy, idle, sluggish, inactive

Note: Predicative adjective.