महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-203, verse-13

ब्राह्मण उवाच ।
पार्थिवं धातुमासाद्य शारीरोऽग्निः कथं भवेत् ।
अवकाशविशेषेण कथं वर्तयतेऽनिलः ॥१३॥

13. brāhmaṇa uvāca ,
pārthivaṁ dhātumāsādya śārīro'gniḥ kathaṁ bhavet ,
avakāśaviśeṣeṇa kathaṁ vartayate'nilaḥ.

13. brāhmaṇaḥ uvāca pārthivam dhātum āsādya śārīraḥ agniḥ
katham bhavet avakāśaviśeṣeṇa katham vartayate anilaḥ

13. The Brāhmaṇa said: 'How can the bodily fire exist, having approached an earthly element? And how does the wind function in specific spaces?'

Words meanings summery:

• ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - the Brāhmaṇa

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• पार्थिवम् (pārthivam) - earthly, terrestrial, material

• धातुम् (dhātum) - earthly element, material substance (element, constituent, mineral, bodily constituent)

• आसाद्य (āsādya) - having reached, having approached, having attained

• शारीरः (śārīraḥ) - bodily, corporeal, physical

• अग्निः (agniḥ) - the bodily fire (i.e., metabolic or digestive heat) (fire, god of fire, digestive fire)

• कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

• भवेत् (bhavet) - it may be, it should be, it would be, it can be

• अवकाशविशेषेण (avakāśaviśeṣeṇa) - by particular space, by specific place or position

• कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

• वर्तयते (vartayate) - it moves, it acts, it functions

• अनिलः (anilaḥ) - wind, air

Words meanings and morphology

ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - the Brāhmaṇa

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a member of the priestly class, a Brāhmaṇa

Note: The speaker of this verse.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

पार्थिवम् (pārthivam) - earthly, terrestrial, material

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - earthly, terrestrial, material, relating to the earth

Derived from pṛthivī (earth) with suffix -a

Note: Agrees with 'dhātum'.

धातुम् (dhātum) - earthly element, material substance (element, constituent, mineral, bodily constituent)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhātu

dhātu - element, constituent, root (of a word), mineral, metal, bodily constituent

Note: Object of 'āsādya'.

आसाद्य (āsādya) - having reached, having approached, having attained

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive of ā-√sad (to sit near, to approach, to reach)

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Modifies the main verb 'bhavet' and its subject 'agniḥ'.

शारीरः (śārīraḥ) - bodily, corporeal, physical

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śārīra

śārīra - bodily, corporeal, relating to the body

Derived from śarīra (body) with suffix -a

Note: Agrees with 'agniḥ'.

अग्निः (agniḥ) - the bodily fire (i.e., metabolic or digestive heat) (fire, god of fire, digestive fire)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, the god of fire, digestive fire, heat

Note: Subject of 'bhavet'.

कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative adverb.

भवेत् (bhavet) - it may be, it should be, it would be, it can be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Expresses potentiality or possibility.

अवकाशविशेषेण (avakāśaviśeṣeṇa) - by particular space, by specific place or position

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of avakāśaviśeṣa

avakāśaviśeṣa - particular space, specific place or position

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (avakāśa+viśeṣa)

• avakāśa – space, room, interval, opportunity
  noun (masculine)
• viśeṣa – distinction, particularity, specific type, difference
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates the means or condition for the action of the wind.

कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative adverb.

वर्तयते (vartayate) - it moves, it acts, it functions

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vartay

Causative/Deponent

Causative of root vṛt (to be, to exist) or middle voice of vṛt with a causative meaning.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

अनिलः (anilaḥ) - wind, air

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anila

anila - wind, air, breath, god of wind

From a- (not) + nila (still, settled) -> restless

Note: Subject of 'vartayate'.