महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-203, verse-19

प्रयत्ने कर्मणि बले य एकस्त्रिषु वर्तते ।
उदान इति तं प्राहुरध्यात्मविदुषो जनाः ॥१९॥

19. prayatne karmaṇi bale ya ekastriṣu vartate ,
udāna iti taṁ prāhuradhyātmaviduṣo janāḥ.

19. prayatne karmaṇi bale yaḥ ekaḥ triṣu vartate
udānaḥ iti taṃ prāhuḥ adhyātma-viduṣaḥ janāḥ

19. Those who know the self (ātman) declare that the vital air (udāna) is the one that operates in effort, action (karma), and strength.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रयत्ने (prayatne) - in effort, in exertion

• कर्मणि (karmaṇi) - in activity, especially volitional action (karma) (in action, in work, in deed)

• बले (bale) - in strength, in power

• यः (yaḥ) - refers to the vital air Udāna (who, which)

• एकः (ekaḥ) - the one (vital air) (one, single, unique)

• त्रिषु (triṣu) - in these three (effort, action, strength) (in three)

• वर्तते (vartate) - operates, functions (acts, exists, turns, operates)

• उदानः (udānaḥ) - one of the five vital airs (prāṇas), responsible for speech, effort, and upward movements (udāna (upward moving vital air))

• इति (iti) - "as Udāna" or "Udāna by name" (thus, so, indicating direct speech or definition)

• तं (taṁ) - refers to the vital air (udāna) (him, that)

• प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they declare, they name (they say, they call, they declare)

• अध्यात्म-विदुषः (adhyātma-viduṣaḥ) - knowers of the self (ātman), spiritual experts

• जनाः (janāḥ) - people, men

Words meanings and morphology

प्रयत्ने (prayatne) - in effort, in exertion

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of prayatna

prayatna - effort, exertion, endeavor, attempt

From root yat with upasarga pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: yat (class 1)

कर्मणि (karmaṇi) - in activity, especially volitional action (karma) (in action, in work, in deed)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of karmaṇ

karmaṇ - action, deed, work, ritual, fate, destiny

From root kṛ (to do, to make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

बले (bale) - in strength, in power

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force, might

यः (yaḥ) - refers to the vital air Udāna (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

Relative pronoun stem.

Note: Subject of 'vartate'.

एकः (ekaḥ) - the one (vital air) (one, single, unique)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, unique, alone, uniform

Note: Qualifies 'yaḥ'.

त्रिषु (triṣu) - in these three (effort, action, strength) (in three)

(numeral)

Note: Refers to `prayatne`, `karmaṇi`, `bale`.

वर्तते (vartate) - operates, functions (acts, exists, turns, operates)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt

Ātmanepada form of root vṛt.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'yaḥ ekaḥ'.

उदानः (udānaḥ) - one of the five vital airs (prāṇas), responsible for speech, effort, and upward movements (udāna (upward moving vital air))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of udāna

udāna - upward-moving air, one of the five vital airs (prāṇas)

From upasarga 'ud' and root 'an' (to breathe).

Prefix: ud

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'tam'.

इति (iti) - "as Udāna" or "Udāna by name" (thus, so, indicating direct speech or definition)

(indeclinable)

तं (taṁ) - refers to the vital air (udāna) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, them

Demonstrative pronoun stem.

Note: Object of 'prāhuḥ'.

प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they declare, they name (they say, they call, they declare)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of pra-ah

Present tense, perfect stem form of root ah (to say) with upasarga pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: ah (class 2)

Note: Subject is 'adhyātma-viduṣaḥ janāḥ'.

अध्यात्म-विदुषः (adhyātma-viduṣaḥ) - knowers of the self (ātman), spiritual experts

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of adhyātma-viduṣ

adhyātma-viduṣ - knower of the self (ātman), spiritual expert, one conversant with spiritual matters

Compound formed with adhyātman (self/spirit) and viduṣ (knower).

Compound type : tatpurusha (adhyātman+viduṣ)

• adhyātman – self, spirit, pertaining to the self (ātman), spiritual
  noun (neuter)
• viduṣ – knower, wise, learned
  noun (masculine)
  Perfect Active Participle (secondary suffix -uṣ)
  From root vid 'to know'.
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'prāhuḥ'.

जनाः (janāḥ) - people, men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jana

jana - person, people, man, creature, folk

From root jan (to be born, to produce).

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: In apposition to `adhyātma-viduṣaḥ`.