महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-203, verse-42

सत्यस्य वचनं श्रेयः सत्यं ज्ञानं हितं भवेत् ।
यद्भूतहितमत्यन्तं तद्वै सत्यं परं मतम् ॥४२॥

42. satyasya vacanaṁ śreyaḥ satyaṁ jñānaṁ hitaṁ bhavet ,
yadbhūtahitamatyantaṁ tadvai satyaṁ paraṁ matam.

42. satyasya vacanam śreyaḥ satyam jñānam hitam bhavet
yat bhūtahitam atyantam tat vai satyam param matam

42. Speaking the truth is superior. Truth, as knowledge, should be beneficial. That which is supremely beneficial to all beings is indeed considered the highest truth.

Words meanings summery:

• सत्यस्य (satyasya) - of truth, of reality

• वचनम् (vacanam) - speaking, word, statement

• श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - superior, beneficial, welfare, good

• सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, reality

• ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - knowledge, understanding

• हितम् (hitam) - beneficial, good, welfare

• भवेत् (bhavet) - it should be, may it be

• यत् (yat) - which, that which

• भूतहितम् (bhūtahitam) - beneficial to beings

• अत्यन्तम् (atyantam) - exceedingly, supremely, always

• तत् (tat) - that

• वै (vai) - verily, indeed, surely

• सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, reality

• परम् (param) - supreme, highest, ultimate

• मतम् (matam) - considered, thought, opinion

Words meanings and morphology

सत्यस्य (satyasya) - of truth, of reality

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality, existence, real, true

वचनम् (vacanam) - speaking, word, statement

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speaking, word, statement, discourse

Derived from root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - superior, beneficial, welfare, good

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śreyas

śreyas - superior, better, most excellent, welfare, good, prosperity

सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, reality

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality, existence, real, true

ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - knowledge, understanding

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jñāna

jñāna - knowledge, understanding, wisdom

Derived from root jñā (to know)

Root: jñā (class 9)

हितम् (hitam) - beneficial, good, welfare

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of hita

hita - beneficial, good, salutary, welfare, benefit

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root dhā (to place) with prefix hi (which is irregular for hita)

Root: dhā (class 3)

भवेत् (bhavet) - it should be, may it be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of bhū

Optative mood

3rd person singular active voice optative mood of root bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

यत् (yat) - which, that which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, that which, whoever, whatever

भूतहितम् (bhūtahitam) - beneficial to beings

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhūtahita

bhūtahita - beneficial to beings, welfare of creatures

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhūta+hita)

• bhūta – being, creature, element, past
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root bhū (to be)
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• hita – beneficial, good, welfare
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root dhā (to place) with irregular formation
  Root: dhā (class 3)

अत्यन्तम् (atyantam) - exceedingly, supremely, always

(indeclinable)

Adverbial usage of atyanta (exceeding)

Prefix: ati

Root: anta

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वै (vai) - verily, indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, reality

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality, existence, real, true

परम् (param) - supreme, highest, ultimate

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of para

para - other, supreme, highest, ultimate, distant

मतम् (matam) - considered, thought, opinion

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mata

mata - considered, thought, esteemed, opinion, doctrine

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root man (to think)

Root: man (class 4)