महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-203, verse-11

शूद्रयोनौ हि जातस्य सद्गुणानुपतिष्ठतः ।
वैश्यत्वं भवति ब्रह्मन्क्षत्रियत्वं तथैव च ॥११॥

11. śūdrayonau hi jātasya sadguṇānupatiṣṭhataḥ ,
vaiśyatvaṁ bhavati brahmankṣatriyatvaṁ tathaiva ca.

11. śūdrayonau hi jātasya sadguṇānupatiṣṭhataḥ
vaiśyatvam bhavati brahman kṣatriyatvam tathā eva ca

11. Indeed, O Brāhmaṇa, for one born in a śūdra family who adheres to good qualities, the state of a vaiśya comes about, and similarly, the state of a kṣatriya also.

Words meanings summery:

• शूद्रयोनौ (śūdrayonau) - in a śūdra womb, in a śūdra family

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because, for

• जातस्य (jātasya) - of one born (in a śūdra family) (of one born, of one arisen)

• सद्गुणानुपतिष्ठतः (sadguṇānupatiṣṭhataḥ) - of one possessing good qualities, of one adhering to good qualities

• वैश्यत्वम् (vaiśyatvam) - the state of a vaiśya, vaiśya-hood

• भवति (bhavati) - is, exists, becomes

• ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brāhmaṇa

• क्षत्रियत्वम् (kṣatriyatvam) - the state of a kṣatriya, kṣatriya-hood

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner, similarly

• एव (eva) - only, indeed, just so, exactly

• च (ca) - and, also

Words meanings and morphology

शूद्रयोनौ (śūdrayonau) - in a śūdra womb, in a śūdra family

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of śūdrayoni

śūdrayoni - a śūdra womb, a śūdra family

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śūdra+yoni)

• śūdra – a member of the lowest social class, a śūdra
  noun (masculine)
• yoni – womb, source, origin, family
  noun (feminine)

Note: Implies 'born in a family of śūdras'.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because, for

(indeclinable)

Note: Postpositive particle, adds emphasis.

जातस्य (jātasya) - of one born (in a śūdra family) (of one born, of one arisen)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, arisen, existing

Past Passive Participle

PPP of root jan (to be born)

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Functions as a noun here, referring to 'a person'.

सद्गुणानुपतिष्ठतः (sadguṇānupatiṣṭhataḥ) - of one possessing good qualities, of one adhering to good qualities

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sadguṇānupatiṣṭhat

sadguṇānupatiṣṭhat - possessing good qualities, adhering to good qualities

Present Active Participle

Compound formed with 'sat-guṇa' (good qualities) and 'upatiṣṭhat' (present participle of upa-√sthā, 'adhering to')

Compound type : bahuvrīhi or descriptive (sat+guṇa+upatiṣṭhat)

• sat – good, true, virtuous, existent
  adjective (masculine)
  Present participle of as (to be)
  Root: as (class 2)
• guṇa – quality, attribute, virtue, merit
  noun (masculine)
• upatiṣṭhat – standing by, adhering to, attending, possessing
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  PAP of upa-√sthā (to stand near, to attend)
  Prefix: upa
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Functions as a noun here, agreeing with 'jātasya'.

वैश्यत्वम् (vaiśyatvam) - the state of a vaiśya, vaiśya-hood

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vaiśyatva

vaiśyatva - the state, condition, or character of a vaiśya

Derived from vaiśya (a member of the merchant/farmer class) with suffix -tva (abstract noun)

भवति (bhavati) - is, exists, becomes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brāhmaṇa

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - a Brāhmaṇa, a priest, the sacred syllable Om, the ultimate reality (brahman)

Note: Direct address.

क्षत्रियत्वम् (kṣatriyatvam) - the state of a kṣatriya, kṣatriya-hood

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṣatriyatva

kṣatriyatva - the state, condition, or character of a kṣatriya

Derived from kṣatriya (a member of the warrior/ruler class) with suffix -tva (abstract noun)

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner, similarly

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - only, indeed, just so, exactly

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Postpositive conjunction.