महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-178, verse-9

सर्प उवाच ।
तिस्रो वै गतयो राजन्परिदृष्टाः स्वकर्मभिः ।
मानुष्यं स्वर्गवासश्च तिर्यग्योनिश्च तत्त्रिधा ॥९॥

9. sarpa uvāca ,
tisro vai gatayo rājanparidṛṣṭāḥ svakarmabhiḥ ,
mānuṣyaṁ svargavāsaśca tiryagyoniśca tattridhā.

9. sarpaḥ uvāca tisraḥ vai gatayaḥ rājan paridṛṣṭāḥ svakarmabhiḥ
mānuṣyam svargavāsaḥ ca tiryagyoniḥ ca tat tridhā

9. The serpent said: 'O King, three destinies (gati) are indeed observed as results of one's own actions (karma): the human state, residence in heaven, and birth in the animal kingdom. Thus, these are the threefold paths.'

Words meanings summery:

• सर्पः (sarpaḥ) - serpent, snake

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• तिस्रः (tisraḥ) - three

• वै (vai) - indeed, verily

• गतयः (gatayaḥ) - destinies, states, paths

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• परिदृष्टाः (paridṛṣṭāḥ) - observed, seen, perceived

• स्वकर्मभिः (svakarmabhiḥ) - by one's own actions, by one's personal deeds (karma)

• मानुष्यम् (mānuṣyam) - human state, humanity

• स्वर्गवासः (svargavāsaḥ) - residence in heaven, dwelling in heaven

• च (ca) - and, also

• तिर्यग्योनिः (tiryagyoniḥ) - animal birth, birth in the animal kingdom

• च (ca) - and, also

• तत् (tat) - that, those

• त्रिधा (tridhā) - in three ways, threefold

Words meanings and morphology

सर्पः (sarpaḥ) - serpent, snake

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarpa

sarpa - serpent, snake, creeping animal

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

तिस्रः (tisraḥ) - three

(numeral)

वै (vai) - indeed, verily

(indeclinable)

गतयः (gatayaḥ) - destinies, states, paths

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of gati

gati - going, movement, path, course, destiny, state, attainment

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

परिदृष्टाः (paridṛṣṭāḥ) - observed, seen, perceived

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of paridṛṣṭa

paridṛṣṭa - seen, observed, perceived, ascertained, noticed

Past Passive Participle

from root dṛś (to see) with upasarga pari

Prefix: pari

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'gatayaḥ'

स्वकर्मभिः (svakarmabhiḥ) - by one's own actions, by one's personal deeds (karma)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of svakarma

svakarma - one's own action, personal deed (karma), own duty

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+karma)

• sva – own, one's own, self
  adjective
• karma – action, deed, ritual, consequence of action (karma), duty
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

मानुष्यम् (mānuṣyam) - human state, humanity

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mānuṣya

mānuṣya - humanity, human state, human nature, human species

स्वर्गवासः (svargavāsaḥ) - residence in heaven, dwelling in heaven

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svargavāsa

svargavāsa - residence in heaven, dwelling in heaven

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (svarga+vāsa)

• svarga – heaven, celestial abode, paradise
  noun (masculine)
• vāsa – dwelling, residence, abode, wearing
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vas (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तिर्यग्योनिः (tiryagyoniḥ) - animal birth, birth in the animal kingdom

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tiryagyoni

tiryagyoni - animal birth, birth in the animal kingdom, lower species

Compound type : karmadhāraya (tiryag+yoni)

• tiryag – oblique, horizontal, crosswise, low, animal (as prefix)
  indeclinable
• yoni – womb, origin, birth, race, species, realm of birth
  noun (feminine)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

त्रिधा (tridhā) - in three ways, threefold

(indeclinable)

suffix -dhā from tri (three)