महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-178, verse-28

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
अहो बुद्धिमतां श्रेष्ठ शुभा बुद्धिरियं तव ।
विदितं वेदितव्यं ते कस्मान्मामनुपृच्छसि ॥२८॥

28. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
aho buddhimatāṁ śreṣṭha śubhā buddhiriyaṁ tava ,
viditaṁ veditavyaṁ te kasmānmāmanupṛcchasi.

28. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca aho buddhimatām śreṣṭha śubhā buddhiḥ
iyam tava viditam veditavyam te kasmāt mām anupṛcchasi

28. Yudhiṣṭhira said: 'Oh, best among the intelligent, your intellect (buddhi) is indeed excellent. That which is to be known is already known by you. Why then do you question me?'

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (proper noun)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अहो (aho) - Oh!, Ah!, indeed (exclamation of surprise, joy, sorrow, or respect)

• बुद्धिमताम् (buddhimatām) - of the intelligent ones, among the wise

• श्रेष्ठ (śreṣṭha) - O best one (vocative used as an address) (best, most excellent)

• शुभा (śubhā) - auspicious, good, beautiful, excellent

• बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intellect, understanding, discernment (buddhi)

• इयम् (iyam) - this, this one

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• विदितम् (viditam) - known, understood, perceived

• वेदितव्यम् (veditavyam) - that which is to be known, knowable, ought to be known

• ते (te) - by you (implied agent in passive construction) (by you, to you, of you)

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, from what, for what reason

• माम् (mām) - me

• अनुपृच्छसि (anupṛcchasi) - you ask, you question

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (a proper noun, eldest of the Pāṇḍavas)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  indeclinable (feminine)
  Locative singular of yudh (battle)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Nominative singular masculine

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Perfect 3rd person singular

अहो (aho) - Oh!, Ah!, indeed (exclamation of surprise, joy, sorrow, or respect)

(indeclinable)

बुद्धिमताम् (buddhimatām) - of the intelligent ones, among the wise

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of buddhimat

buddhimat - intelligent, wise, endowed with intellect

Derived from buddhi + matup suffix

Note: Genitive plural masculine

श्रेष्ठ (śreṣṭha) - O best one (vocative used as an address) (best, most excellent)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, superior, chief

Superlative of praśasya (excellent)

Note: Vocative singular masculine

शुभा (śubhā) - auspicious, good, beautiful, excellent

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śubha

śubha - auspicious, good, bright, beautiful

Note: Nominative singular feminine

बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intellect, understanding, discernment (buddhi)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, discernment, perception (buddhi)

From root budh (to know)

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Nominative singular feminine

इयम् (iyam) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Nominative singular feminine of idam

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Genitive singular of yuṣmad

विदितम् (viditam) - known, understood, perceived

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vidita

vidita - known, understood, perceived

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vid (to know) with suffix -ta

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Nominative singular neuter, past passive participle

वेदितव्यम् (veditavyam) - that which is to be known, knowable, ought to be known

(gerundive)

Note: Nominative singular neuter, gerundive

ते (te) - by you (implied agent in passive construction) (by you, to you, of you)

(pronoun)

singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Dative/Genitive singular of yuṣmad, functioning here as agent in a passive construction ('by you').

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, from what, for what reason

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of kim

kim - what, who, which

Note: Ablative singular, functioning as 'why' or 'for what reason'.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I, myself

Note: Accusative singular of aham

अनुपृच्छसि (anupṛcchasi) - you ask, you question

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of pṛcch

Prefix: anu

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: Present active 2nd person singular, with prefix anu-