महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-178, verse-17

किं न गृह्णासि विषयान्युगपत्त्वं महामते ।
एतावदुच्यतां चोक्तं सर्वं पन्नगसत्तम ॥१७॥

17. kiṁ na gṛhṇāsi viṣayānyugapattvaṁ mahāmate ,
etāvaducyatāṁ coktaṁ sarvaṁ pannagasattama.

17. kim na gṛhṇāsi viṣayān yugapat tvam mahāmate
etāvat ucyatām ca uktam sarvam pannagasattama

17. O great-minded one, why do you not perceive all sense objects simultaneously? Please explain this much, O best of serpents, for the entire question has already been stated.

Words meanings summery:

• किम् (kim) - why (what, why, whether)

• न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

• गृह्णासि (gṛhṇāsi) - you perceive (you grasp, you seize, you perceive, you receive)

• विषयान् (viṣayān) - sense objects (objects, sense objects, spheres of activity)

• युगपत् (yugapat) - simultaneously (simultaneously, at once, together)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• महामते (mahāmate) - O great-minded one (vocative, addressing the serpent) (O great-minded one, O wise one)

• एतावत् (etāvat) - this much (this point) (this much, so much, thus far)

• उच्यताम् (ucyatām) - please explain (let it be said by you) (let it be said, let it be spoken)

• च (ca) - for (and, also, moreover)

• उक्तम् (uktam) - stated (referring to the question previously put) (said, spoken, told)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - the entire (question) (all, every, whole)

• पन्नगसत्तम (pannagasattama) - O best of serpents (vocative) (best of serpents)

Words meanings and morphology

किम् (kim) - why (what, why, whether)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

(indeclinable)

गृह्णासि (gṛhṇāsi) - you perceive (you grasp, you seize, you perceive, you receive)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of grah

Present tense, Active voice

From root grah (class 9, gṛhṇā stem)

Root: grah (class 9)

विषयान् (viṣayān) - sense objects (objects, sense objects, spheres of activity)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of viṣaya

viṣaya - object of sense, sphere, domain, subject, matter

From vi + root ṣi (to bind/tie) + aya (or from vi + sī + ac)

Prefix: vi

Root: ṣi

युगपत् (yugapat) - simultaneously (simultaneously, at once, together)

(indeclinable)

Derived from yuga (yoke, pair, age) + pat (falling).

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (2nd person pronoun)

महामते (mahāmate) - O great-minded one (vocative, addressing the serpent) (O great-minded one, O wise one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahāmat

mahāmat - great-minded, wise, intelligent

Compound of mahā (great) and mati (mind) with possessive suffix matup

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+mati)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• mati – mind, intellect, thought, intention
  noun (feminine)
  Root: man (class 4)

एतावत् (etāvat) - this much (this point) (this much, so much, thus far)

(indeclinable)

From etat (this) + vatup (suffix for quantity)

Note: Often found as an adjective (nominative/accusative neuter singular etāvat). Here could be accusative referring to 'this point'.

उच्यताम् (ucyatām) - please explain (let it be said by you) (let it be said, let it be spoken)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of vac

Imperative, Passive voice

Imperative 3rd singular, passive form (ātmanepada) of root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

च (ca) - for (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

उक्तम् (uktam) - stated (referring to the question previously put) (said, spoken, told)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, told, declared

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (to speak) + kta (ta)

Root: vac (class 2)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - the entire (question) (all, every, whole)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

पन्नगसत्तम (pannagasattama) - O best of serpents (vocative) (best of serpents)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pannagasattama

pannagasattama - best of serpents, chief of snakes

Compound of pannaga (snake, serpent) and sattama (best)

Compound type : tatpurusha (pannaga+sattama)

• pannaga – snake, serpent (literally 'creeping with feet/wings', or 'going by means of a creep')
  noun (masculine)
  From pan (to creep) + ga (going)
  Prefix: pan
  Root: gam (class 1)
• sattama – best, most excellent, most virtuous
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix tama added to sat (good, existing).
  Root: as (class 2)