महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-178, verse-37

तत्र ह्यगस्त्यः पादेन वहन्स्पृष्टो मया मुनिः ।
अदृष्टेन ततोऽस्म्युक्तो ध्वंस सर्पेति वै रुषा ॥३७॥

37. tatra hyagastyaḥ pādena vahanspṛṣṭo mayā muniḥ ,
adṛṣṭena tato'smyukto dhvaṁsa sarpeti vai ruṣā.

37. tatra hi agastyaḥ pādena vahan spṛṣṭaḥ mayā muniḥ
adṛṣṭena tataḥ asmi uktaḥ dhvaṃsa sarpa iti vai ruṣā

37. Indeed, there, while carrying (the palanquin), the sage (muni) Agastya was touched by my foot. Then, I was cursed by the unseen (Agastya), who said with anger, "Perish, O snake!"

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely)

• अगस्त्यः (agastyaḥ) - Agastya (a famous sage)

• पादेन (pādena) - by the foot

• वहन् (vahan) - while carrying (the palanquin) (carrying, bearing, conveying)

• स्पृष्टः (spṛṣṭaḥ) - touched

• मया (mayā) - by me

• मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage, ascetic, seer

• अदृष्टेन (adṛṣṭena) - by the unseen (Agastya), referring to his not being seen by the speaker at the moment of the curse. (by the unseen, by the invisible, by destiny)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken to, cursed (spoken, said, told, addressed)

• ध्वंस (dhvaṁsa) - perish!, be destroyed!

• सर्प (sarpa) - O snake!

• इति (iti) - thus, so, saying

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely

• रुषा (ruṣā) - with anger, in anger

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

Locative adverb from pronominal base tad.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely)

(indeclinable)

अगस्त्यः (agastyaḥ) - Agastya (a famous sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of agastya

agastya - Agastya (name of a celebrated sage, especially known in southern India)

पादेन (pādena) - by the foot

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pāda

pāda - foot, leg, quarter (of a verse), ray

वहन् (vahan) - while carrying (the palanquin) (carrying, bearing, conveying)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vah

vah - to carry, to bear, to convey

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of root vah (class 1, par.), masculine nominative singular.

Root: vah (class 1)

स्पृष्टः (spṛṣṭaḥ) - touched

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of spṛś

spṛś - to touch, to come into contact with

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root spṛś, masculine nominative singular.

Root: spṛś (class 6)

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I

मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage, ascetic, seer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, holy man, seer

Root: man

अदृष्टेन (adṛṣṭena) - by the unseen (Agastya), referring to his not being seen by the speaker at the moment of the curse. (by the unseen, by the invisible, by destiny)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of adṛṣṭa

adṛṣṭa - unseen, invisible, destiny, fate, ill-luck

Past Passive Participle (negative)

Negative prefix a- + Past Passive Participle of root dṛś 'to see'. Masculine instrumental singular.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Active

2nd conjugation, parasmaipada, 1st person singular.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Auxiliary verb for the passive voice construction 'uktaḥ asmi' (I was told/said to).

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken to, cursed (spoken, said, told, addressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vac

vac - to speak, to say, to tell

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root vac, masculine nominative singular.

Root: vac (class 2)

ध्वंस (dhvaṁsa) - perish!, be destroyed!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of dhvaṃs

Imperative Active

Imperative 2nd person singular of root dhvaṃs (class 1, par.).

Root: dhvaṃs (class 1)

सर्प (sarpa) - O snake!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sarpa

sarpa - snake, serpent

From root sṛp 'to crawl, creep'.

Root: sṛp

इति (iti) - thus, so, saying

(indeclinable)

वै (vai) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

रुषा (ruṣā) - with anger, in anger

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of ruṣ

ruṣ - anger, wrath, rage

Root: ruṣ