महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-178, verse-14

सोऽयमेता गतीः सर्वा जन्तुश्चरति कार्यवान् ।
नित्ये महति चात्मानमवस्थापयते नृप ॥१४॥

14. so'yametā gatīḥ sarvā jantuścarati kāryavān ,
nitye mahati cātmānamavasthāpayate nṛpa.

14. saḥ ayam etāḥ gatīḥ sarvāḥ jantuḥ carati kāryavān
nitye mahati ca ātmānam avasthāpayate nṛpa

14. O king, this very living being (jantu), driven by its actions (karma), traverses all these different states of existence (gati). And it establishes the self (ātman) in the eternal and the great.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• अयम् (ayam) - this, he

• एताः (etāḥ) - these

• गतीः (gatīḥ) - states, destinies, courses of existence

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all

• जन्तुः (jantuḥ) - a living being, creature

• चरति (carati) - experiences, traverses, moves through

• कार्यवान् (kāryavān) - driven by its actions (karma) (having purpose, engaged in action, performing deeds)

• नित्ये (nitye) - in the eternal, in the everlasting

• महति (mahati) - in the great, in the mighty

• च (ca) - and

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - the self (ātman)

• अवस्थापयते (avasthāpayate) - establishes, places, settles (for itself)

• नृप (nṛpa) - O king

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Demonstrative pronoun.

अयम् (ayam) - this, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Demonstrative pronoun, used with 'saḥ' for emphasis 'this very one'.

एताः (etāḥ) - these

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Qualifies 'gatīḥ'.

गतीः (gatīḥ) - states, destinies, courses of existence

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of gati

gati - going, movement, course, state, condition, destiny, path

Derived from root `gam` (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Object of 'carati'.

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Qualifies 'gatīḥ'.

जन्तुः (jantuḥ) - a living being, creature

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jantu

jantu - a living being, creature, man, progeny

Derived from root `jan` (to be born).

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'carati'.

चरति (carati) - experiences, traverses, moves through

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of car

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the first clause.

कार्यवान् (kāryavān) - driven by its actions (karma) (having purpose, engaged in action, performing deeds)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāryavat

kāryavat - having a purpose, having business, a doer, acting, having actions (karma)

Possessive suffix

Derived from `kārya` (deed, work, action) with possessive suffix `matUP`/`vatUP`.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Adjective describing 'jantuḥ'.

नित्ये (nitye) - in the eternal, in the everlasting

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of nitya

nitya - eternal, constant, permanent, always existing

Note: Qualifies 'mahati', referring to an implied 'principle' or 'reality'.

महति (mahati) - in the great, in the mighty

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important, noble

Note: Qualifies an implied noun, often understood as the 'Great Principle' or ultimate reality.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - the self (ātman)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, breath

Note: Object of 'avasthāpayate'.

अवस्थापयते (avasthāpayate) - establishes, places, settles (for itself)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of sthā

Causative

Causative of `avasthā` (to stand, to be situated), meaning 'to cause to be situated' or 'to establish oneself'.

Prefix: ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Middle voice form, implying a reflexive action or benefit to the subject.

नृप (nṛpa) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler, protector of men

Compound of `nṛ` (man) and `pā` (to protect).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, human
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root `pā` (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Address to the king.