महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-82, verse-33

ब्रह्मोवाच ।
तामेवं ब्रुवतीं देवीं सुरभीं त्रिदशेश्वर ।
प्रत्यब्रुवं यद्देवेन्द्र तन्निबोध शचीपते ॥३३॥

33. brahmovāca ,
tāmevaṁ bruvatīṁ devīṁ surabhīṁ tridaśeśvara ,
pratyabruvaṁ yaddevendra tannibodha śacīpate.

33. brahmā uvāca tām evam bruvatīm devīm surabhīm tridaśeśvara
prati abruvam yat devendra tat nibodha śacīpate

33. Brahmā said: 'O Indra, Lord of the gods and husband of Śacī! Listen to what I said in response to that goddess Surabhī, who was speaking thus.'

Words meanings summery:

• ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - The god Brahmā (speaker) (Brahmā (the creator god))

• उवाच (uvāca) - Brahmā said (he/she said)

• ताम् (tām) - that (goddess) (her, that (feminine accusative))

• एवम् (evam) - thus (speaking in that manner) (thus, in this manner, so)

• ब्रुवतीम् (bruvatīm) - who was speaking (speaking, saying)

• देवीम् (devīm) - the goddess (Surabhī) (goddess)

• सुरभीम् (surabhīm) - Surabhī (the goddess) (Surabhī)

• त्रिदशेश्वर (tridaśeśvara) - O Lord of the gods (addressing Indra) (Lord of the thirty (gods))

• प्रति (prati) - in return (as in 'replied to') (towards, against, in return)

• अब्रुवम् (abruvam) - I spoke (in reply) (I spoke, I said)

• यत् (yat) - what (I said) (what, that which)

• देवेन्द्र (devendra) - O Indra (addressing the listener) (chief of gods, Indra)

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to what was said) (that)

• निबोध (nibodha) - listen, understand (understand, perceive, listen)

• शचीपते (śacīpate) - O husband of Śacī (addressing Indra) (husband of Śacī)

Words meanings and morphology

ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - The god Brahmā (speaker) (Brahmā (the creator god))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahmā

brahmā - Brahmā (the creator god), a priest

Note: Subject of `uvāca`.

उवाच (uvāca) - Brahmā said (he/she said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

Root VAC (class 2), 3rd person singular perfect

Root: vac (class 2)

ताम् (tām) - that (goddess) (her, that (feminine accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, she

Note: Object of `pratyabruvam`, refers to Surabhī.

एवम् (evam) - thus (speaking in that manner) (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies `bruvatīm`.

ब्रुवतीम् (bruvatīm) - who was speaking (speaking, saying)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bruvat

bruvat - speaking, saying

Present Active Participle

From root BRŪ (to speak) + śatṛ (present active participle suffix)

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Qualifies `devīm surabhīm`.

देवीम् (devīm) - the goddess (Surabhī) (goddess)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of devī

devī - goddess, divine woman

Feminine form of deva (god)

Note: Refers to Surabhī.

सुरभीम् (surabhīm) - Surabhī (the goddess) (Surabhī)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of surabhī

surabhī - fragrant, agreeable; a divine cow

Note: Direct object of `pratyabruvam`.

त्रिदशेश्वर (tridaśeśvara) - O Lord of the gods (addressing Indra) (Lord of the thirty (gods))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tridaśeśvara

tridaśeśvara - lord of the thirty (gods), chief of the gods; an epithet of Indra

Compound type : genitive tatpuruṣa (tridaśa+īśvara)

• tridaśa – thirty; a god (plural)
  noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, master, god
  noun (masculine)
  Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Refers to Indra.

प्रति (prati) - in return (as in 'replied to') (towards, against, in return)

(indeclinable)

Note: Serves as an `upasarga` for `abruvam`.

अब्रुवम् (abruvam) - I spoke (in reply) (I spoke, I said)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Active

Root BRŪ (class 2), 1st person singular imperfect with augment A-

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Combined with `prati` to form `pratyabruvam`.

यत् (yat) - what (I said) (what, that which)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, that, what

Note: Null as it stands alone, but in context, neuter singular accusative.

देवेन्द्र (devendra) - O Indra (addressing the listener) (chief of gods, Indra)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of devendra

devendra - chief of the gods, Indra

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+indra)

• deva – god, divine
  noun (masculine)
• indra – Indra (name of the chief of gods)
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Indra.

तत् (tat) - that (referring to what was said) (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that one

Note: Object of `nibodha`.

निबोध (nibodha) - listen, understand (understand, perceive, listen)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of budh

Imperative Active

Root BUDH (class 1, P, sometimes A), with prefix NI, 2nd person singular imperative

Prefix: ni

Root: budh (class 1)

शचीपते (śacīpate) - O husband of Śacī (addressing Indra) (husband of Śacī)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of śacīpati

śacīpati - husband of Śacī; an epithet of Indra

Compound type : genitive tatpuruṣa (śacī+pati)

• śacī – Śacī (name of Indra's wife), power, skill
  proper noun (feminine)
• pati – master, lord, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Indra.