महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-82, verse-15

तेन त्वमासां माहात्म्यं न वेत्थ शृणु तत्प्रभो ।
गवां प्रभावं परमं माहात्म्यं च सुरर्षभ ॥१५॥

15. tena tvamāsāṁ māhātmyaṁ na vettha śṛṇu tatprabho ,
gavāṁ prabhāvaṁ paramaṁ māhātmyaṁ ca surarṣabha.

15. tena tvam āsām māhātmyam na vettha śṛṇu tat prabho
gavām prabhāvam paramam māhātmyam ca surarṣabha

15. prabho surarṣabha,
tvam tena āsām māhātmyam na vettha.
tat gavām paramam prabhāvam ca māhātmyam śṛṇu.

15. Therefore, you do not know the greatness of these (cows). Listen to that, O lord! (Listen to) the supreme power and greatness of cows, O best among gods.

Words meanings summery:

• तेन (tena) - therefore (by that, therefore, with him/it)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (addressing Indra, implied from context) (you)

• आसाम् (āsām) - of these (cows, implied from context) (of these, their)

• माहात्म्यम् (māhātmyam) - greatness, importance (greatness, glory, majesty)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• वेत्थ (vettha) - you know (you know, you understand)

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen (to) (listen, hear)

• तत् (tat) - that (which I'm about to tell you) (that, it)

• प्रभो (prabho) - O lord (referring to Indra) (O lord, O master)

• गवाम् (gavām) - of cows

• प्रभावम् (prabhāvam) - power, influence (power, might, influence, splendor)

• परमम् (paramam) - supreme (supreme, highest, excellent)

• माहात्म्यम् (māhātmyam) - greatness (greatness, glory, majesty)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• सुरर्षभ (surarṣabha) - O best among gods (referring to Indra) (O best among gods)

Words meanings and morphology

तेन (tena) - therefore (by that, therefore, with him/it)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used adverbially meaning 'therefore'.

त्वम् (tvam) - you (addressing Indra, implied from context) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Refers to the listener.

आसाम् (āsām) - of these (cows, implied from context) (of these, their)

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Refers to cows.

माहात्म्यम् (māhātmyam) - greatness, importance (greatness, glory, majesty)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of māhātmya

māhātmya - greatness, majesty, glory, magnanimity

Derived from mahātman (great-souled) + -ya (suffix forming abstract noun)

Note: Object of 'vettha' and 'śṛṇu'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb 'vettha'.

वेत्थ (vettha) - you know (you know, you understand)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, perfect (with present meaning) (liṭ) of vid

Perfect active personal ending, often used with present meaning for root 'vid'.

Root 'vid' (2nd class, Adadi) perfect tense form, second person singular. Despite perfect ending, it often carries a present sense of 'to know'.

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Second person singular active of 'vid'.

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen (to) (listen, hear)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Imperative active personal ending

Root 'śru' (5th class, Svādi)

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Command to the listener.

तत् (tat) - that (which I'm about to tell you) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'śṛṇu'.

प्रभो (prabho) - O lord (referring to Indra) (O lord, O master)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, king, supreme being

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Addressed to the listener.

गवाम् (gavām) - of cows

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, bull, earth, ray of light, heaven

Note: Possessive case for 'prabhāvam' and 'māhātmyam'.

प्रभावम् (prabhāvam) - power, influence (power, might, influence, splendor)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prabhāva

prabhāva - power, might, influence, majesty, dignity

Derived from pra-bhū (to be powerful, to manifest)

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Object of 'śṛṇu'.

परमम् (paramam) - supreme (supreme, highest, excellent)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parama

parama - highest, supreme, ultimate, excellent, best

Note: Qualifies 'prabhāvam'.

माहात्म्यम् (māhātmyam) - greatness (greatness, glory, majesty)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of māhātmya

māhātmya - greatness, majesty, glory, magnanimity

Derived from mahātman (great-souled) + -ya (suffix forming abstract noun)

Note: Object of 'śṛṇu', repeated for emphasis.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'prabhāvam' and 'māhātmyam'.

सुरर्षभ (surarṣabha) - O best among gods (referring to Indra) (O best among gods)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of surarṣabha

surarṣabha - chief of the gods, best of the gods

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sura+ṛṣabha)

• sura – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to the listener.