महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-82, verse-27

अतप्यत तपो घोरं हृष्टा धर्मपरायणा ।
कैलासशिखरे रम्ये देवगन्धर्वसेविते ॥२७॥

27. atapyata tapo ghoraṁ hṛṣṭā dharmaparāyaṇā ,
kailāsaśikhare ramye devagandharvasevite.

27. atapyata tapaḥ ghoram hṛṣṭā dharmaparāyaṇā
kailāsaśikhare ramye devagandharvasevite

27. hṛṣṭā dharmaparāyaṇā ghoram tapaḥ ramye
devagandharvasevite kailāsaśikhare atapyata

27. Delighted and devoted to righteousness (dharma), she performed severe penance (tapas) on the beautiful peak of Kailasa, which is frequented by gods and gandharvas.

Words meanings summery:

• अतप्यत (atapyata) - she performed penance, she practiced austerity

• तपः (tapaḥ) - penance (austerity, penance, heat)

• घोरम् (ghoram) - severe (penance) (terrible, severe, dreadful)

• हृष्टा (hṛṣṭā) - delighted, pleased, joyous

• धर्मपरायणा (dharmaparāyaṇā) - devoted to righteousness (dharma) (devoted to (dharma), intent on righteousness)

• कैलासशिखरे (kailāsaśikhare) - on the peak of Kailasa

• रम्ये (ramye) - beautiful, charming, delightful

• देवगन्धर्वसेविते (devagandharvasevite) - frequented by gods and gandharvas

Words meanings and morphology

अतप्यत (atapyata) - she performed penance, she practiced austerity

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of tap

Imperfect 3rd singular Ātmanepada

Imperfect tense, from root tap. The initial 'a' marks the past tense. Ātmanepada form.

Root: tap (class 1)

तपः (tapaḥ) - penance (austerity, penance, heat)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, heat, religious mortification

Derived from the root 'tap' (to heat, suffer).

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Direct object of 'atapyata'.

घोरम् (ghoram) - severe (penance) (terrible, severe, dreadful)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, severe, fearful, formidable

Note: Agrees with 'tapaḥ' in gender, number, and case.

हृष्टा (hṛṣṭā) - delighted, pleased, joyous

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of hṛṣṭa

hṛṣṭa - delighted, glad, pleased, thrilled

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'hṛṣ' (to be glad, to rejoice) with the suffix -ta.

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Refers to the female subject performing the penance.

धर्मपरायणा (dharmaparāyaṇā) - devoted to righteousness (dharma) (devoted to (dharma), intent on righteousness)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dharmaparāyaṇa

dharmaparāyaṇa - devoted to righteousness, intent on duty (dharma), following the natural law

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+parāyaṇa)

• dharma – righteousness, duty, natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'dhṛ' (to uphold, support).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• parāyaṇa – ultimate goal, principal object, devoted to, intent on
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from 'para' (other, supreme) and 'ayana' (going, course), or root 'i' with prefixes 'parā'.
  Prefix: parā
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Agrees with the female subject.

कैलासशिखरे (kailāsaśikhare) - on the peak of Kailasa

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kailāsaśikhara

kailāsaśikhara - the peak or summit of Mount Kailasa

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kailāsa+śikhara)

• kailāsa – Mount Kailasa (a sacred mountain in the Himalayas)
  proper noun (masculine)
• śikhara – peak, summit, crest
  noun (neuter)

Note: Locative case indicating 'on' or 'at'.

रम्ये (ramye) - beautiful, charming, delightful

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of ramya

ramya - beautiful, charming, delightful, pleasant

Gerundive (or N.V.P.)

Derived from the root 'ram' (to delight, to be pleased) with the suffix -ya. Can function as an adjective.

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'kailāsaśikhare' in gender, number, and case.

देवगन्धर्वसेविते (devagandharvasevite) - frequented by gods and gandharvas

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of devagandharvasevita

devagandharvasevita - frequented, attended, or served by gods and gandharvas

Past Passive Participle (compound)

A compound adjective where 'sevita' is the past passive participle of the root 'sev' (to serve, frequent), modified by 'deva' and 'gandharva'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+gandharva+sevita)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• gandharva – celestial musician, a class of semi-divine beings
  noun (masculine)
• sevita – served, frequented, attended, honored
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root 'sev' (to serve, attend, frequent).
  Root: sev (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'kailāsaśikhare' in gender, number, and case.