महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-82, verse-21

एतत्ते कारणं शक्र निवासकृतमद्य वै ।
गवां देवोपरिष्टाद्धि समाख्यातं शतक्रतो ॥२१॥

21. etatte kāraṇaṁ śakra nivāsakṛtamadya vai ,
gavāṁ devopariṣṭāddhi samākhyātaṁ śatakrato.

21. etat te kāraṇam śakra nivāsa-kṛtam adya vai
gavām deva-upariṣṭāt hi samākhyātam śatakrato

21. śakra śatakrato etat gavām deva-upariṣṭāt
nivāsa-kṛtam kāraṇam adya vai hi te samākhyātam

21. O Śakra, O Śatakratu, this reason for the dwelling of cows above the gods has indeed been well-explained to you today.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this (neuter sing. nom/acc)

• ते (te) - to you (to you, for you (sing. dat/gen of tvad))

• कारणम् (kāraṇam) - reason (reason, cause (neut. sing. nom/acc))

• शक्र (śakra) - O Śakra (Indra)

• निवास-कृतम् (nivāsa-kṛtam) - for the dwelling (made for dwelling, concerning the dwelling (neut. sing. nom/acc))

• अद्य (adya) - today (today, now)

• वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly)

• गवाम् (gavām) - of cows

• देव-उपरिष्टात् (deva-upariṣṭāt) - above the gods

• हि (hi) - indeed, because, for

• समाख्यातम् (samākhyātam) - well-explained (well-explained, declared (neut. sing. nom/acc))

• शतक्रतो (śatakrato) - O Śatakratu (Indra)

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this (neuter sing. nom/acc)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

ते (te) - to you (to you, for you (sing. dat/gen of tvad))

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of tvad

tvad - you (singular)

कारणम् (kāraṇam) - reason (reason, cause (neut. sing. nom/acc))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, instrument

शक्र (śakra) - O Śakra (Indra)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - Śakra (name of Indra), mighty, powerful

निवास-कृतम् (nivāsa-kṛtam) - for the dwelling (made for dwelling, concerning the dwelling (neut. sing. nom/acc))

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nivāsa-kṛta

nivāsa-kṛta - made for dwelling, established for residence, causing dwelling

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nivāsa+kṛta)

• nivāsa – dwelling, residence, abode
  noun (masculine)
• kṛta – done, made, caused
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

अद्य (adya) - today (today, now)

(indeclinable)

वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

गवाम् (gavām) - of cows

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, bull, earth, ray of light

देव-उपरिष्टात् (deva-upariṣṭāt) - above the gods

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+upariṣṭāt)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• upariṣṭāt – above, from above
  indeclinable

हि (hi) - indeed, because, for

(indeclinable)

समाख्यातम् (samākhyātam) - well-explained (well-explained, declared (neut. sing. nom/acc))

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of samākhyāta

samākhyāta - well-explained, narrated, declared, told

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root khyā- (to say, tell) with prefixes sam- and ā-

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

शतक्रतो (śatakrato) - O Śatakratu (Indra)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of śatakratu

śatakratu - Śatakratu (name of Indra), having a hundred powers/sacrifices

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śata+kratu)

• śata – hundred
  numeral (neuter)
• kratu – power, sacrifice, ritual, ability
  noun (masculine)