महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-92, verse-52

एतद्वृत्तं वासवस्य यमस्य वरुणस्य च ।
राजर्षीणां च सर्वेषां तत्त्वमप्यनुपालय ॥५२॥

52. etadvṛttaṁ vāsavasya yamasya varuṇasya ca ,
rājarṣīṇāṁ ca sarveṣāṁ tattvamapyanupālaya.

52. etat vṛttam vāsavasya yamasya varuṇasya ca
rājarṣīṇām ca sarveṣām tattvam api anupālaya

52. etat vṛttam vāsavasya yamasya varuṇasya ca
sarveṣām rājarṣīṇām ca api tattvam anupālaya

52. This is the righteous conduct observed by Vasava, Yama, and Varuna, as well as by all royal sages. You too should diligently uphold that principle.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this

• वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - righteous conduct (conduct, behavior, practice, course of action)

• वासवस्य (vāsavasya) - of Vasava (Indra)

• यमस्य (yamasya) - of Yama (the god of death)

• वरुणस्य (varuṇasya) - of Varuna (god of cosmic order)

• च (ca) - and, also

• राजर्षीणाम् (rājarṣīṇām) - of royal sages

• च (ca) - and, also

• सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all

• तत्त्वम् (tattvam) - that essential principle or truth (referring to the conduct described) (principle, essence, reality, truth)

• अपि (api) - 'you too' or 'even you' (also, even, moreover)

• अनुपालय (anupālaya) - diligently uphold (observe, follow, protect, maintain)

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Subject of implied 'is'.

वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - righteous conduct (conduct, behavior, practice, course of action)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vṛtta

vṛtta - conduct, course of action, behavior, existing, happened

Past Passive Participle

From √vṛt + kta; used as a noun.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative.

वासवस्य (vāsavasya) - of Vasava (Indra)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vāsava

vāsava - Indra, lord of the Vasus

Derived from Vasu (name of a class of deities, or wealth).

Note: Indicates possession/association with vṛttam.

यमस्य (yamasya) - of Yama (the god of death)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yama

yama - Yama (god of death), twin, restraint

From √yam (to restrain).

Root: yam (class 1)

वरुणस्य (varuṇasya) - of Varuna (god of cosmic order)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of varuṇa

varuṇa - Varuna (god of cosmic order, ocean, justice), binding

From √vṛ (to cover, encompass).

Root: vṛ (class 5)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

राजर्षीणाम् (rājarṣīṇām) - of royal sages

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rājarṣi

rājarṣi - royal sage, king-sage

Compound of rājan (king) and ṛṣi (sage).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (rājan+ṛṣi)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with rājarṣīṇām.

तत्त्वम् (tattvam) - that essential principle or truth (referring to the conduct described) (principle, essence, reality, truth)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tattva

tattva - truth, reality, essence, principle, element, category

From tad (that) + tva (suffix for abstract nouns).

Note: Object of anupālaya.

अपि (api) - 'you too' or 'even you' (also, even, moreover)

(indeclinable)

अनुपालय (anupālaya) - diligently uphold (observe, follow, protect, maintain)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of pāl

Imperative mood

Second person singular imperative active of √pāl (class 10 or derived from a noun pāla, to protect) with prefix anu.

Prefix: anu

Root: pāl (class 10)

Note: Direct command to the listener.