महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-92, verse-43

संग्रहः सर्वभूतानां दानं च मधुरा च वाक् ।
पौरजानपदाश्चैव गोप्तव्याः स्वा यथा प्रजाः ॥४३॥

43. saṁgrahaḥ sarvabhūtānāṁ dānaṁ ca madhurā ca vāk ,
paurajānapadāścaiva goptavyāḥ svā yathā prajāḥ.

43. saṃgrahaḥ sarvabhūtānām dānam ca madhurā ca vāk
paurajānapadāḥ ca eva goptavyāḥ svāḥ yathā prajāḥ

43. sarvabhūtānām saṃgrahaḥ ca dānam ca madhurā vāk
ca paurajānapadāḥ eva svāḥ prajāḥ yathā goptavyāḥ

43. The protection of all beings, and charity, and sweet speech (vāk) (should be practiced). Moreover, city and country dwellers should be protected like one's own subjects.

Words meanings summery:

• संग्रहः (saṁgrahaḥ) - protection (of subjects) (collection, accumulation, protection, conciliation)

• सर्वभूतानाम् (sarvabhūtānām) - of all beings, of all creatures

• दानम् (dānam) - charity, gift, giving

• च (ca) - and, also

• मधुरा (madhurā) - sweet (speech) (sweet, pleasing, delightful)

• च (ca) - and, also

• वाक् (vāk) - speech, voice, word

• पौरजानपदाः (paurajānapadāḥ) - city and country dwellers, citizens and rural inhabitants

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, certainly

• गोप्तव्याः (goptavyāḥ) - should be protected, ought to be guarded

• स्वाः (svāḥ) - one's own

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

• प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - subjects, progeny, people

Words meanings and morphology

संग्रहः (saṁgrahaḥ) - protection (of subjects) (collection, accumulation, protection, conciliation)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃgraha

saṁgraha - collection, accumulation, protection, conciliation, summary

From sam-√grah (to seize, collect)

Prefix: sam

Root: grah (class 9)

सर्वभूतानाम् (sarvabhūtānām) - of all beings, of all creatures

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of sarvabhūta

sarvabhūta - all beings, all creatures, all elements

Compound of sarva (all) and bhūta (being)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+bhūta)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun (masculine)
• bhūta – being, creature, element, existing, past
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √bhū
  Root: bhū (class 1)

दानम् (dānam) - charity, gift, giving

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dāna

dāna - charity, gift, giving, donation

From root √dā

Root: dā (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

मधुरा (madhurā) - sweet (speech) (sweet, pleasing, delightful)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of madhura

madhura - sweet, charming, pleasing, melodious

Note: Feminine form, agreeing with 'vāk'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

वाक् (vāk) - speech, voice, word

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - speech, voice, word, language

पौरजानपदाः (paurajānapadāḥ) - city and country dwellers, citizens and rural inhabitants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paurajānapada

paurajānapada - citizens and country people, inhabitants of city and district

Compound of paura (citizen) and jānapada (countryman)

Compound type : dvandva (paura+jānapada)

• paura – citizen, city-dweller, urban
  noun (masculine)
  From pur (city)
• jānapada – countryman, rural inhabitant, belonging to a district
  noun (masculine)
  From janapada (country, district)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, certainly

(indeclinable)

गोप्तव्याः (goptavyāḥ) - should be protected, ought to be guarded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of goptavya

goptavya - to be protected, to be guarded, to be concealed

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

From root √gup (to protect, guard) + -tavya suffix

Root: gup (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'paurajānapadāḥ'.

स्वाः (svāḥ) - one's own

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sva

sva - one's own, self, property

Note: Feminine plural, agreeing with 'prajāḥ'.

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

(indeclinable)

प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - subjects, progeny, people

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - progeny, offspring, people, subjects, creation

From pra-√jan (to produce, be born)

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)