महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-92, verse-1

उतथ्य उवाच ।
कालवर्षी च पर्जन्यो धर्मचारी च पार्थिवः ।
संपद्यदैषा भवति सा बिभर्ति सुखं प्रजाः ॥१॥

1. utathya uvāca ,
kālavarṣī ca parjanyo dharmacārī ca pārthivaḥ ,
saṁpadyadaiṣā bhavati sā bibharti sukhaṁ prajāḥ.

1. utathya uvāca kālavarṣī ca parjanyaḥ dharmacārī ca
pārthivaḥ sampad yadā eṣā bhavati sā bibharti sukham prajāḥ

1. utathya uvāca: ca parjanyaḥ kālavarṣī ca pārthivaḥ dharmacārī; yadā eṣā sampad bhavati,
sā prajāḥ sukham bibharti.

1. Utathya said: When the rain-god Parjanya sends rain in due season, and the king adheres to natural law (dharma), then, when this situation prevails, it sustains the subjects in prosperity.

Words meanings summery:

• उतथ्य (utathya) - Utathya (a sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• कालवर्षी (kālavarṣī) - raining in due season, seasonal rainer

• च (ca) - and, also

• पर्जन्यः (parjanyaḥ) - the rain-god Parjanya (rain-god, cloud)

• धर्मचारी (dharmacārī) - practicing duty (dharma), adherent of natural law

• च (ca) - and, also

• पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - king, ruler (literally 'lord of earth')

• सम्पद् (sampad) - state, condition, prosperity, fortune

• यदा (yadā) - when

• एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

• भवति (bhavati) - prevails (is, becomes, exists)

• सा (sā) - that (state of affairs) (she, that (feminine))

• बिभर्ति (bibharti) - sustains, supports, nourishes, bears

• सुखम् (sukham) - in prosperity (happiness, ease, comfort, prosperity)

• प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - subjects, people, progeny

Words meanings and morphology

उतथ्य (utathya) - Utathya (a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of utathya

utathya - name of a celebrated Vedic sage

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense (liṭ) form of the root vac (2nd class).

Root: vac (class 2)

कालवर्षी (kālavarṣī) - raining in due season, seasonal rainer

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kālavarṣin

kālavarṣin - raining in due season, bringing timely rain

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāla+varṣin)

• kāla – time, season, appropriate time
  noun (masculine)
• varṣin – raining, one who rains, showering
  adjective
  Agent Noun
  Derived from root varṣ (to rain) with suffix -in.
  Root: varṣ (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

पर्जन्यः (parjanyaḥ) - the rain-god Parjanya (rain-god, cloud)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parjanya

parjanya - rain-cloud, rain, the god of rain, thunder and lightning

धर्मचारी (dharmacārī) - practicing duty (dharma), adherent of natural law

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmacārin

dharmacārin - practicing virtue, righteous, adhering to duty

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+cārin)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom
  noun (masculine)
• cārin – practicing, observing, adhering to, moving
  adjective
  Agent Noun
  Derived from root car (to move, to practice) with suffix -in.
  Root: car (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - king, ruler (literally 'lord of earth')

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - king, prince, ruler (lit. 'belonging to the earth')

सम्पद् (sampad) - state, condition, prosperity, fortune

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sampad

sampad - good fortune, success, prosperity, state, condition

Note: Part of the sandhi 'sampadyadaiṣā', here separated as 'sampad'.

यदा (yadā) - when

(indeclinable)

Note: Part of the sandhi 'sampadyadaiṣā', here separated as 'yadā'.

एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: Refers to 'sampad'. Part of the sandhi 'sampadyadaiṣā', here separated as 'eṣā'.

भवति (bhavati) - prevails (is, becomes, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

सा (sā) - that (state of affairs) (she, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'sampad' (this state/condition).

बिभर्ति (bibharti) - sustains, supports, nourishes, bears

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of bhṛ

Root bhṛ (3rd class, juhotyādi).

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

सुखम् (sukham) - in prosperity (happiness, ease, comfort, prosperity)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, joy, comfort, pleasure, ease, welfare, prosperity

Note: Can function adverbially 'happily, with ease'.

प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - subjects, people, progeny

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - progeny, offspring, subjects, people