महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-92, verse-27

यत्र पापा ज्ञायमानाश्चरन्ति सतां कलिर्विन्दति तत्र राज्ञः ।
यदा राजा शास्ति नरान्नशिष्यान्न तद्राज्यं वर्धते भूमिपाल ॥२७॥

27. yatra pāpā jñāyamānāścaranti; satāṁ kalirvindati tatra rājñaḥ ,
yadā rājā śāsti narānnaśiṣyā;nna tadrājyaṁ vardhate bhūmipāla.

27. yatra pāpāḥ jñāyamānāḥ caranti
satām kaliḥ vindati tatra rājñaḥ
yadā rājā śāsti narān aśiṣyān
na tat rājyam vardhate bhūmipāla

27. bhūmipāla yatra jñāyamānāḥ pāpāḥ
caranti tatra satām rājñaḥ kaliḥ
vindati yadā rājā aśiṣyān narān
na śāsti tat rājyam na vardhate

27. O ruler (bhūmipāla), where wicked people (pāpāḥ) act openly, there conflict (kali) afflicts good people (satām) concerning the king. When a king governs men who are not disciples (aśiṣyān), that kingdom (rājya) does not prosper.

Words meanings summery:

• यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

• पापाः (pāpāḥ) - wicked ones, sinners, evil people

• ज्ञायमानाः (jñāyamānāḥ) - being known, becoming known, acting openly, visible

• चरन्ति (caranti) - they act, they perform, they move, they behave

• सताम् (satām) - of the good, of the righteous, of the virtuous

• कलिः (kaliḥ) - conflict, strife, discord, the Kali Yuga

• विन्दति (vindati) - he finds, he obtains, he gains, he afflicts

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

• यदा (yadā) - when, at what time

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• शास्ति (śāsti) - he rules, he governs, he commands, he punishes

• नरान् (narān) - men, people, human beings

• अशिष्यान् (aśiṣyān) - undisciplined, not disciples, not pupils, not to be taught

• न (na) - not, no

• तत् (tat) - that, that one

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, rule, sovereignty

• वर्धते (vardhate) - it grows, it prospers, it increases

• भूमिपाल (bhūmipāla) - O protector of the earth, O king

Words meanings and morphology

यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

(indeclinable)

From `yad` (relative pronoun), indicating place.

पापाः (pāpāḥ) - wicked ones, sinners, evil people

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāpa

pāpa - evil, bad, wicked, sinful; sin, vice, evil deed

ज्ञायमानाः (jñāyamānāḥ) - being known, becoming known, acting openly, visible

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jñāyamāna

jñāyamāna - being known, being understood, being perceived, appearing

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root `jñā` (to know) in the passive voice.

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agrees with `pāpāḥ`.

चरन्ति (caranti) - they act, they perform, they move, they behave

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of car

Present Active Indicative

Root: car (class 1)

सताम् (satām) - of the good, of the righteous, of the virtuous

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sat

sat - existent, good, true, real; a good person, a saint

Present Active Participle (of `as`, to be)

Derived from root `as` (to be).

Root: as (class 2)

कलिः (kaliḥ) - conflict, strife, discord, the Kali Yuga

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kali

kali - strife, discord, quarrel, contention; the Kali age (last and worst of the four yugas)

From root `kal` (to calculate, quarrel).

Root: kal (class 10)

विन्दति (vindati) - he finds, he obtains, he gains, he afflicts

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of vid

Present Active Indicative

Root: vid (class 6)

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

From `tad` (that pronoun), indicating place.

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, prince

From root `rāj` (to rule).

Root: rāj (class 1)

यदा (yadā) - when, at what time

(indeclinable)

From `yad` (relative pronoun), indicating time.

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, prince

From root `rāj` (to rule).

Root: rāj (class 1)

शास्ति (śāsti) - he rules, he governs, he commands, he punishes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of śās

Present Active Indicative

Root: śās (class 2)

नरान् (narān) - men, people, human beings

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, person, human being

अशिष्यान् (aśiṣyān) - undisciplined, not disciples, not pupils, not to be taught

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of aśiṣya

aśiṣya - not a pupil, not a disciple, not to be instructed, undisciplined

Negative compound with `a-` and `śiṣya` (pupil, disciple).

Note: Agrees with `narān`.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with `rājyam`.

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, rule, sovereignty

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, realm, sovereignty, rule, government

From `rājan` (king) + suffix `-ya`.

वर्धते (vardhate) - it grows, it prospers, it increases

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of vṛdh

Present Middle Indicative

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

भूमिपाल (bhūmipāla) - O protector of the earth, O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhūmipāla

bhūmipāla - protector of the earth, king, ruler

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhūmi+pāla)

• bhūmi – earth, ground, land
  noun (feminine)
• pāla – protector, guardian, keeper
  noun (masculine)
  From root `pāl` (to protect).
  Root: pāl (class 10)