महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-92, verse-24

यदा युक्ता नयन्त्यर्थान्कामादर्थवशेन वा ।
कृपणं याचमानानां तद्राज्ञो वैशसं महत् ॥२४॥

24. yadā yuktā nayantyarthānkāmādarthavaśena vā ,
kṛpaṇaṁ yācamānānāṁ tadrājño vaiśasaṁ mahat.

24. yadā yuktāḥ nayanti arthān kāmāt artha-vaśena vā
kṛpaṇam yācamānānām tat rājñaḥ vaiśasam mahat

24. yadā yuktāḥ kāmāt vā artha-vaśena kṛpaṇam yācamānānām arthān nayanti,
tat rājñaḥ mahat vaiśasam.

24. When appointed officials (yuktāḥ) appropriate (nayanti) the resources (arthān) of those pitifully imploring (kṛpaṇaṃ yācamānānām), either out of greed (kāmāt) or under the influence of money (arthavaśena), that (tat) is a great calamity (mahat vaiśasam) for the king (rājñaḥ).

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when

• युक्ताः (yuktāḥ) - appointed (officials) (appointed, engaged, joined)

• नयन्ति (nayanti) - they appropriate, they manage (improperly) (they lead, they guide, they carry off, they appropriate)

• अर्थान् (arthān) - resources (objects, purposes, wealth, resources)

• कामात् (kāmāt) - out of greed/personal desire (from desire, out of desire)

• अर्थ-वशेन (artha-vaśena) - under the influence of money/gain (by the power of wealth, by the control of money)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either)

• कृपणम् (kṛpaṇam) - pitifully (miserably, pitifully, wretchedly (adverb))

• याचमानानाम् (yācamānānām) - of those pitifully imploring (of those who are begging/imploring)

• तत् (tat) - that (situation/conduct) (that, therefore)

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - for the king (implying a consequence for him) (of the king, for the king)

• वैशसम् (vaiśasam) - calamity (calamity, misfortune, disaster, slaughter, cruelty)

• महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, important)

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when

(indeclinable)

युक्ताः (yuktāḥ) - appointed (officials) (appointed, engaged, joined)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yukta

yukta - joined, united, yoked, appointed, employed, endowed with, intent on, absorbed in (yoga)

Past Passive Participle

From root yuj

Root: yuj (class 7)

नयन्ति (nayanti) - they appropriate, they manage (improperly) (they lead, they guide, they carry off, they appropriate)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of nī

Present tense

Root nī, Parasmaipada

Root: nī (class 1)

अर्थान् (arthān) - resources (objects, purposes, wealth, resources)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of artha

artha - aim, purpose, meaning, wealth, object, thing, cause

From root ṛ (to go, to move) + tha (suffix)

Root: ṛ

कामात् (kāmāt) - out of greed/personal desire (from desire, out of desire)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kāma

kāma - desire, wish, love, pleasure, greed (also Kāma, the god of love)

From root kam (to desire)

Root: kam (class 1)

अर्थ-वशेन (artha-vaśena) - under the influence of money/gain (by the power of wealth, by the control of money)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of artha-vaśa

artha-vaśa - power of wealth, control by money

Compound type : tatpurusha (artha+vaśa)

• artha – aim, purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛ
• vaśa – will, power, control, authority
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vaś (class 1)

वा (vā) - or (or, either)

(indeclinable)

कृपणम् (kṛpaṇam) - pitifully (miserably, pitifully, wretchedly (adverb))

(indeclinable)

From root kṛp (to lament, to pity)

Root: kṛp

Note: Acts as an adverb modifying 'yācamānānām'.

याचमानानाम् (yācamānānām) - of those pitifully imploring (of those who are begging/imploring)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of yācamāna

yācamāna - begging, imploring, asking for, soliciting

Present Middle Participle

From root yāc (to beg, to ask)

Root: yāc (class 1)

Note: Acts as a noun in the genitive case.

तत् (tat) - that (situation/conduct) (that, therefore)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

Note: Used here to refer to the preceding clause.

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - for the king (implying a consequence for him) (of the king, for the king)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Genitive indicating possession or relation, here implying the recipient of the negative consequence.

वैशसम् (vaiśasam) - calamity (calamity, misfortune, disaster, slaughter, cruelty)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vaiśasa

vaiśasa - slaughter, calamity, cruelty, disaster, danger

From viśasa (killing, cutting up)

महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, important)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, extensive, important, powerful

From root mah (to be great)

Root: mah