महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-92, verse-34

कृपणानाथवृद्धानां यदाश्रु व्यपमार्ष्टि वै ।
हर्षं संजनयन्नॄणां स राज्ञो धर्म उच्यते ॥३४॥

34. kṛpaṇānāthavṛddhānāṁ yadāśru vyapamārṣṭi vai ,
harṣaṁ saṁjanayannṝṇāṁ sa rājño dharma ucyate.

34. kṛpaṇānāthavṛddhānām yat aśru vyapamārṣṭi vai
harṣam saṃjanayan nṝṇām saḥ rājñaḥ dharmaḥ ucyate

34. saḥ rājñaḥ dharmaḥ ucyate yat vai kṛpaṇānāthavṛddhānām
aśru vyapamārṣṭi nṝṇām harṣam saṃjanayan

34. That which wipes away the tears of the distressed, the helpless, and the elderly, thereby bringing joy to people, is indeed considered the king's duty (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• कृपणानाथवृद्धानाम् (kṛpaṇānāthavṛddhānām) - Of the distressed, helpless, and elderly

• यत् (yat) - Which, that which

• अश्रु (aśru) - Tear, tears

• व्यपमार्ष्टि (vyapamārṣṭi) - Wipes away, cleanses

• वै (vai) - Emphasizer, indicates certainty. (Indeed, truly, surely)

• हर्षम् (harṣam) - Joy, delight, happiness

• संजनयन् (saṁjanayan) - Causing, generating, producing

• नॄणाम् (nṝṇām) - Of men, of people

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to the act described in the first half of the verse. (He, that)

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - Of the king

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - The king's righteous duty or proper conduct (dharma). (Duty, righteousness, natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature)

• उच्यते (ucyate) - Is called, is said, is declared

Words meanings and morphology

कृपणानाथवृद्धानाम् (kṛpaṇānāthavṛddhānām) - Of the distressed, helpless, and elderly

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kṛpaṇānāthavṛddha

kṛpaṇānāthavṛddha - the distressed, the helpless, and the elderly

Compound type : dvandva (kṛpaṇa+anātha+vṛddha)

• kṛpaṇa – distressed, miserable, poor
  adjective (masculine)
• anātha – helpless, orphan, unprotected
  adjective (masculine)
  Negative prefix 'a' + nātha (master/protector)
  Prefix: a
• vṛddha – elderly, old, grown
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root vṛdh (to grow)
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Formed from a dvandva compound of adjectives acting as a noun, declined in the genitive plural.

यत् (yat) - Which, that which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Relative pronoun, here acting as the subject.

अश्रु (aśru) - Tear, tears

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aśru

aśru - tear, tears

Note: Object of 'vyapamārṣṭi'. Can be singular or plural in nominative/accusative neuter.

व्यपमार्ष्टि (vyapamārṣṭi) - Wipes away, cleanses

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of mārj

Prefixes: vi+apa

Root: mṛj (class 2)

वै (vai) - Emphasizer, indicates certainty. (Indeed, truly, surely)

(indeclinable)

हर्षम् (harṣam) - Joy, delight, happiness

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of harṣa

harṣa - joy, delight, happiness, thrill

Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of the participle 'saṃjanayan'.

संजनयन् (saṁjanayan) - Causing, generating, producing

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjanayat

saṁjanayat - generating, causing, producing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root jan (to be born, produce) with prefix sam

Prefix: sam

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ' (the king/that).

नॄणाम् (nṝṇām) - Of men, of people

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of nṛ

nṛ - man, person

Note: Possessive case, "of people".

सः (saḥ) - Refers to the act described in the first half of the verse. (He, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the act described in the first half of the verse.

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - Of the king

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Possessive case.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - The king's righteous duty or proper conduct (dharma). (Duty, righteousness, natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - righteousness, duty, law, virtue, custom, intrinsic nature, constitution

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject complement of 'ucyate'.

उच्यते (ucyate) - Is called, is said, is declared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Passive form, "is called".