महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-38, verse-42

ततो रथाश्च बहुला नागाश्च समलंकृताः ।
पादाताश्च हयाश्चैव पृष्ठतः समनुव्रजन् ॥४२॥

42. tato rathāśca bahulā nāgāśca samalaṁkṛtāḥ ,
pādātāśca hayāścaiva pṛṣṭhataḥ samanuvrajan.

42. tataḥ rathāḥ ca bahulāḥ nāgāḥ ca samalaṃkṛtāḥ
pādātāḥ ca hayāḥ ca eva pṛṣṭhataḥ samanuvrajan

42. tataḥ bahulāḥ rathāḥ ca samalaṃkṛtāḥ nāgāḥ ca
pādātāḥ ca hayāḥ eva pṛṣṭhataḥ samanuvrajan

42. Then, numerous chariots, well-adorned elephants, foot soldiers, and horses followed behind (them).

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom

• रथाः (rathāḥ) - chariots

• च (ca) - and

• बहुलाः (bahulāḥ) - many, numerous, abundant

• नागाः (nāgāḥ) - In this context, referring to elephants as part of a procession. (elephants, serpents)

• च (ca) - and

• समलंकृताः (samalaṁkṛtāḥ) - well-decorated, adorned

• पादाताः (pādātāḥ) - foot-soldiers, infantry

• च (ca) - and

• हयाः (hayāḥ) - horses

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, truly

• पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - from behind, in the rear

• समनुव्रजन् (samanuvrajan) - followed, accompanied

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom

(indeclinable)

रथाः (rathāḥ) - chariots

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot, car, vehicle

Root: ram (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

बहुलाः (bahulāḥ) - many, numerous, abundant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahula

bahula - many, abundant, dense, thick

नागाः (nāgāḥ) - In this context, referring to elephants as part of a procession. (elephants, serpents)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nāga

nāga - serpent, snake; elephant

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

समलंकृताः (samalaṁkṛtāḥ) - well-decorated, adorned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samalaṃkṛta

samalaṁkṛta - well-adorned, beautifully decorated

Past Passive Participle

from 'sam' (completely) + 'alam' (sufficiently, ornament) + root 'kṛ' (to do)

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (sam+alam+kṛta)

• sam – together, completely, well
  upasarga
• alam – sufficiently, ably, ornamentation
  indeclinable
• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root 'kṛ' (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

पादाताः (pādātāḥ) - foot-soldiers, infantry

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pādāta

pādāta - foot-soldier, infantry

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

हयाः (hayāḥ) - horses

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, truly

(indeclinable)

पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - from behind, in the rear

(indeclinable)

derived from 'pṛṣṭha' (back) + 'tas' suffix (indicating position/direction)

समनुव्रजन् (samanuvrajan) - followed, accompanied

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of samanuvraj

from 'sam' (together) + 'anu' (after) + root 'vraj' (to go)

Prefixes: sam+anu

Root: vraj (class 1)