महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-38, verse-20

ततस्तं नृपतिश्रेष्ठं चातुर्वर्ण्यहितेप्सया ।
पुनराह महाबाहुर्यदुश्रेष्ठो महाद्युतिः ॥२०॥

20. tatastaṁ nṛpatiśreṣṭhaṁ cāturvarṇyahitepsayā ,
punarāha mahābāhuryaduśreṣṭho mahādyutiḥ.

20. tataḥ tam nṛpatiśreṣṭham cāturvarṇyahitepsayā
punaḥ āha mahābāhuḥ yaduśreṣṭhaḥ mahādyutiḥ

20. tataḥ mahābāhuḥ mahādyutiḥ yaduśreṣṭhaḥ
cāturvarṇyahitepsayā tam nṛpatiśreṣṭham punaḥ āha

20. Then, the mighty-armed, greatly resplendent, and foremost among the Yadus (Kṛṣṇa), desiring the welfare of the four social orders, spoke again to that best of kings.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, at that moment (then, thereupon, from there)

• तम् (tam) - him (the king addressed) (him, that)

• नृपतिश्रेष्ठम् (nṛpatiśreṣṭham) - the best of kings (referring to Yudhiṣṭhira) (best among kings, chief of rulers)

• चातुर्वर्ण्यहितेप्सया (cāturvarṇyahitepsayā) - with the desire for the welfare of the four social orders

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, once more, back)

• आह (āha) - said, spoke

• महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - the mighty-armed one (an epithet for Kṛṣṇa) (mighty-armed, one with great arms)

• यदुश्रेष्ठः (yaduśreṣṭhaḥ) - the best of the Yadus (referring to Kṛṣṇa) (best of the Yadus, chief of the Yadu clan)

• महाद्युतिः (mahādyutiḥ) - the greatly resplendent one (an epithet for Kṛṣṇa) (greatly resplendent, of great splendor)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, at that moment (then, thereupon, from there)

(indeclinable)

From pronominal base 'tad' with suffix -tas.

तम् (tam) - him (the king addressed) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

नृपतिश्रेष्ठम् (nṛpatiśreṣṭham) - the best of kings (referring to Yudhiṣṭhira) (best among kings, chief of rulers)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nṛpatiśreṣṭha

nṛpatiśreṣṭha - best of kings, chief of rulers

Compound of 'nṛpati' (king) and 'śreṣṭha' (best).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛpati+śreṣṭha)

• nṛpati – king, lord of men
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of nṛ (man) and pati (lord).
• śreṣṭha – best, excellent, superior
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative degree of praśasya (excellent).

चातुर्वर्ण्यहितेप्सया (cāturvarṇyahitepsayā) - with the desire for the welfare of the four social orders

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of cāturvarṇyahitepsā

cāturvarṇyahitepsā - desire for the welfare of the four social orders

Compound: cāturvarṇya (four social orders) + hita (welfare) + īpsā (desire).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (cāturvarṇya+hita+īpsā)

• cāturvarṇya – the system of four social orders
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from caturvarṇa (four colors/classes).
• hita – welfare, benefit, good
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root dhā (to place, put) with prefix hi-.
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• īpsā – desire, wish, intention
  noun (feminine)
  Desiderative noun
  From desiderative stem of root āp (to obtain).
  Root: āp (class 5)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, once more, back)

(indeclinable)

आह (āha) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of brū

Perfect form of root brū, irregular past perfect tense.

Root: brū (class 2)

महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - the mighty-armed one (an epithet for Kṛṣṇa) (mighty-armed, one with great arms)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed, having great arms

Bahuvrīhi compound: mahā (great) + bāhu (arm).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

यदुश्रेष्ठः (yaduśreṣṭhaḥ) - the best of the Yadus (referring to Kṛṣṇa) (best of the Yadus, chief of the Yadu clan)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yaduśreṣṭha

yaduśreṣṭha - best of the Yadus, chief of the Yadu clan

Tatpuruṣa compound: Yadu (name of a clan) + śreṣṭha (best).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yadu+śreṣṭha)

• yadu – Yadu (name of an ancient king and his lineage)
  proper noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, excellent, superior
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative degree of praśasya (excellent).

महाद्युतिः (mahādyutiḥ) - the greatly resplendent one (an epithet for Kṛṣṇa) (greatly resplendent, of great splendor)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahādyuti

mahādyuti - of great splendor, very luminous

Bahuvrīhi compound: mahā (great) + dyuti (splendor).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+dyuti)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• dyuti – splendor, brilliance, light
  noun (feminine)
  From root dyut (to shine).
  Root: dyut (class 1)