महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-38, verse-38

आस्थाय तु रथं शुभ्रं युक्तमश्वैर्महाजवैः ।
अन्वयात्पृष्ठतो राजन्युयुत्सुः पाण्डवाग्रजम् ॥३८॥

38. āsthāya tu rathaṁ śubhraṁ yuktamaśvairmahājavaiḥ ,
anvayātpṛṣṭhato rājanyuyutsuḥ pāṇḍavāgrajam.

38. āsthāya tu ratham śubhram yuktam aśvaiḥ mahājavaiḥ
anvayāt pṛṣṭhataḥ rājan yuyutsuḥ pāṇḍavāgrajam

38. rājan tu yuyutsuḥ mahājavaiḥ aśvaiḥ yuktam śubhram
ratham āsthāya pāṇḍavāgrajam pṛṣṭhataḥ anvayāt

38. O King, Yuyutsu, having indeed mounted a splendid chariot yoked with very swift horses, followed behind the elder Pāṇḍava.

Words meanings summery:

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having mounted, having taken a stand

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• रथम् (ratham) - chariot

• शुभ्रम् (śubhram) - splendid, bright, beautiful

• युक्तम् (yuktam) - yoked, joined, connected

• अश्वैः (aśvaiḥ) - by horses, with horses

• महाजवैः (mahājavaiḥ) - with great speed, very swift

• अन्वयात् (anvayāt) - he followed, he went after

• पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - behind, from behind

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• युयुत्सुः (yuyutsuḥ) - Yuyutsu (proper name)

• पाण्डवाग्रजम् (pāṇḍavāgrajam) - Yudhishthira (the elder Pāṇḍava)

Words meanings and morphology

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having mounted, having taken a stand

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From root sthā (to stand) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

रथम् (ratham) - chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car, vehicle

शुभ्रम् (śubhram) - splendid, bright, beautiful

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śubhra

śubhra - bright, shining, splendid, beautiful, white

युक्तम् (yuktam) - yoked, joined, connected

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yukta

yukta - yoked, joined, connected, endowed with, proper, fit

Past Passive Participle

From root yuj (to yoke)

Root: yuj (class 7)

अश्वैः (aśvaiḥ) - by horses, with horses

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse

महाजवैः (mahājavaiḥ) - with great speed, very swift

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahājava

mahājava - very swift, having great speed

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahā+java)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• java – speed, swiftness, velocity
  noun (masculine)

अन्वयात् (anvayāt) - he followed, he went after

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of anvi

Imperfect tense form of root i (to go) with prefix anu

Prefix: anu

Root: i (class 2)

पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - behind, from behind

(indeclinable)

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

युयुत्सुः (yuyutsuḥ) - Yuyutsu (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yuyutsu

yuyutsu - Yuyutsu (son of Dhritarashtra by a Vaishya woman)

Desiderative nominalization

From root yudh (to fight), meaning 'desiring to fight'

Root: yudh (class 4)

पाण्डवाग्रजम् (pāṇḍavāgrajam) - Yudhishthira (the elder Pāṇḍava)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍavāgraja

pāṇḍavāgraja - the elder brother of the Pāṇḍavas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāṇḍava+agraja)

• pāṇḍava – descendant of Pāṇḍu
  noun (masculine)
• agraja – elder brother, first-born
  noun (masculine)