महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-38, verse-16

स ते वक्ष्यति धर्मज्ञः सूक्ष्मधर्मार्थतत्त्ववित् ।
तमभ्येहि पुरा प्राणान्स विमुञ्चति धर्मवित् ॥१६॥

16. sa te vakṣyati dharmajñaḥ sūkṣmadharmārthatattvavit ,
tamabhyehi purā prāṇānsa vimuñcati dharmavit.

16. saḥ te vakṣyati dharmajñaḥ sūkṣmadharmārthatattvavit
tam abhi ehi purā prāṇān saḥ vimuñcati dharmavit

16. saḥ dharmajñaḥ sūkṣmadharmārthatattvavit te vakṣyati
tam abhi ehi purā saḥ dharmavit prāṇān vimuñcati

16. He, the knower of natural law (dharma), who understands the truth of subtle principles and their meanings, will explain it to you. Approach him before that knower of natural law (dharma) gives up his life.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - the specific wise person being referred to (he)

• ते (te) - to you

• वक्ष्यति (vakṣyati) - will explain the dharma (will speak, will explain)

• धर्मज्ञः (dharmajñaḥ) - knower of natural law, knower of constitution

• सूक्ष्मधर्मार्थतत्त्ववित् (sūkṣmadharmārthatattvavit) - knower of the truth of subtle principles and their meanings

• तम् (tam) - the knower of dharma (him)

• अभि (abhi) - towards, to, in the direction of

• एहि (ehi) - approach him (come, go, approach)

• पुरा (purā) - before he gives up his life (before, formerly, in the past)

• प्राणान् (prāṇān) - his own life (lives, breaths, vital airs)

• सः (saḥ) - the knower of dharma (he)

• विमुञ्चति (vimuñcati) - gives up his life (releases, gives up, abandons)

• धर्मवित् (dharmavit) - knower of natural law, knower of constitution

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - the specific wise person being referred to (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

ते (te) - to you

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Dative/Genitive singular of 'you' (yuṣmad)

वक्ष्यति (vakṣyati) - will explain the dharma (will speak, will explain)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

धर्मज्ञः (dharmajñaḥ) - knower of natural law, knower of constitution

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmajña

dharmajña - knower of dharma

Compound of dharma and jña

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+jña)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• jña – knower, understanding
  adjective
  From root jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ'

सूक्ष्मधर्मार्थतत्त्ववित् (sūkṣmadharmārthatattvavit) - knower of the truth of subtle principles and their meanings

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūkṣmadharmārthatattvavit

sūkṣmadharmārthatattvavit - knower of the truth of subtle natural law's meaning/purpose

Compound of sūkṣma, dharma, artha, tattva, and vit

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sūkṣma+dharma+artha+tattva+vit)

• sūkṣma – subtle, minute, fine
  adjective
• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• artha – meaning, purpose, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)
• tattva – truth, reality, principle, essence
  noun (neuter)
• vit – knower, understanding
  adjective
  From root vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ'

तम् (tam) - the knower of dharma (him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'ehi'

अभि (abhi) - towards, to, in the direction of

(indeclinable)

Note: Combines with 'ehi' to form 'abhy_ehi'

एहि (ehi) - approach him (come, go, approach)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of i

Root: i (class 2)

पुरा (purā) - before he gives up his life (before, formerly, in the past)

(indeclinable)

प्राणान् (prāṇān) - his own life (lives, breaths, vital airs)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - breath, vital air, life, spirit

Note: Object of 'vimuñcati'

सः (saḥ) - the knower of dharma (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of 'vimuñcati'

विमुञ्चति (vimuñcati) - gives up his life (releases, gives up, abandons)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vimuñc

Prefix: vi

Root: muc (class 6)

धर्मवित् (dharmavit) - knower of natural law, knower of constitution

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmavit

dharmavit - knower of dharma

Compound of dharma and vit

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+vit)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• vit – knower, understanding
  adjective
  From root vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ'