महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-322, verse-8

क्षीरोदधेरुत्तरतो हि द्वीपः श्वेतः स नाम्ना प्रथितो विशालः ।
मेरोः सहस्रैः स हि योजनानां द्वात्रिंशतोर्ध्वं कविभिर्निरुक्तः ॥८॥

8. kṣīrodadheruttarato hi dvīpaḥ; śvetaḥ sa nāmnā prathito viśālaḥ ,
meroḥ sahasraiḥ sa hi yojanānāṁ; dvātriṁśatordhvaṁ kavibhirniruktaḥ.

8. kṣīrodadheḥ uttarataḥ hi dvīpaḥ
śvetaḥ saḥ nāmnā prathitaḥ viśālaḥ
meroḥ sahasraiḥ saḥ hi yojanānām
dvātriṃśataḥ ūrdhvam kavibhiḥ niruktaḥ

8. kṣīrodadheḥ uttarataḥ hi saḥ śvetaḥ
nāmnā prathitaḥ viśālaḥ dvīpaḥ (asti) saḥ
hi meroḥ dvātriṃśataḥ yojanānām
sahasraiḥ ūrdhvam kavibhiḥ niruktaḥ (asti)

8. North of the milk ocean, there is indeed a vast and famous island known as Śveta (White). It is described by the wise as being thirty-two thousand yojanas above Mount Meru.

Words meanings summery:

• क्षीरोदधेः (kṣīrodadheḥ) - of the milk ocean

• उत्तरतः (uttarataḥ) - north of (from the north, to the north, northward)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, certainly, surely)

• द्वीपः (dvīpaḥ) - an island (island, continent)

• श्वेतः (śvetaḥ) - white (white, bright)

• सः (saḥ) - that (island) (that, he)

• नाम्ना (nāmnā) - by name

• प्रथितः (prathitaḥ) - famous (famous, known, spread)

• विशालः (viśālaḥ) - vast (vast, extensive, wide)

• मेरोः (meroḥ) - of Mount Meru

• सहस्रैः (sahasraiḥ) - by thousands

• सः (saḥ) - it (the island) (that, he)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, certainly)

• योजनानाम् (yojanānām) - of yojanas (of yojanas (a measure of distance))

• द्वात्रिंशतः (dvātriṁśataḥ) - thirty-two

• ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - above (above, upwards)

• कविभिः (kavibhiḥ) - by the wise (by poets, by the wise)

• निरुक्तः (niruktaḥ) - described (described, explained, expressed)

Words meanings and morphology

क्षीरोदधेः (kṣīrodadheḥ) - of the milk ocean

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kṣīrodadhi

kṣīrodadhi - milk ocean, ocean of milk

Compound of 'kṣīra' (milk) and 'udadhi' (ocean).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣīra+udadhi)

• kṣīra – milk
  noun (neuter)
• udadhi – ocean, sea
  noun (masculine)
  From 'ud' (water) + 'dhā' (to hold) = 'udadhi' (reservoir of water).
  Prefix: ud
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Indicates origin or relation.

उत्तरतः (uttarataḥ) - north of (from the north, to the north, northward)

(indeclinable)

Adverb derived from 'uttara' (north) with the 'tasil' suffix indicating direction or origin.

Note: Indicates location relative to the genitive 'kṣīrodadheḥ'.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, certainly, surely)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

द्वीपः (dvīpaḥ) - an island (island, continent)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvīpa

dvīpa - island, continent (literally 'two waters')

From 'dvi' (two) + 'ap' (water).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dvi+ap)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• ap – water
  noun (feminine)

Note: Subject of the first clause (implied verb 'asti').

श्वेतः (śvetaḥ) - white (white, bright)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śveta

śveta - white, bright, pure

Note: Adjective modifying 'dvīpaḥ'.

सः (saḥ) - that (island) (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'dvīpaḥ'.

नाम्ना (nāmnā) - by name

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of nāman

nāman - name

Note: Indicates means or respect.

प्रथितः (prathitaḥ) - famous (famous, known, spread)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prathita

prathita - famous, known, celebrated, spread

past passive participle

From root 'prath' (to spread, to be famous) with prefix 'pra'. Past passive participle used as an adjective.

Prefix: pra

Root: prath (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying 'dvīpaḥ'.

विशालः (viśālaḥ) - vast (vast, extensive, wide)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśāla

viśāla - vast, extensive, wide, large

Note: Adjective modifying 'dvīpaḥ'.

मेरोः (meroḥ) - of Mount Meru

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of meru

meru - Mount Meru (mythical sacred mountain)

Note: Relative to which the height is described.

सहस्रैः (sahasraiḥ) - by thousands

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of sahasra

sahasra - thousand

Note: Indicates measure, used with 'dvātriṃśataḥ' (thirty-two thousands).

सः (saḥ) - it (the island) (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers back to 'dvīpaḥ'.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

योजनानाम् (yojanānām) - of yojanas (of yojanas (a measure of distance))

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of yojana

yojana - a measure of distance (approx. 8-15 km), a stage, a league

Note: Indicates what the thousands are 'of'.

द्वात्रिंशतः (dvātriṁśataḥ) - thirty-two

(numeral)

Compound type : dvandva (dva+triṃśat)

• dva – two
  numeral
• triṃśat – thirty
  numeral (feminine)

Note: Genitive form, used with 'sahasraiḥ' (thirty-two thousands).

ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - above (above, upwards)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form of 'ūrdhva' (high).

Note: Indicates spatial relation.

कविभिः (kavibhiḥ) - by the wise (by poets, by the wise)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kavi

kavi - poet, sage, wise person, seer

Note: Agent of the passive verb 'niruktaḥ'.

निरुक्तः (niruktaḥ) - described (described, explained, expressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirukta

nirukta - described, explained, declared, derived

past passive participle

From root 'vac' (to speak) with prefix 'nir'. Past passive participle used as adjective. 'vac' becomes 'ukta'.

Prefix: nir

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'dvīpaḥ'/'saḥ'.