महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-322, verse-52

जग्मुर्यथेप्सितं देशं तपसे कृतनिश्चयाः ।
धारणात्सर्वलोकानां सर्वधर्मप्रवर्तकाः ॥५२॥

52. jagmuryathepsitaṁ deśaṁ tapase kṛtaniścayāḥ ,
dhāraṇātsarvalokānāṁ sarvadharmapravartakāḥ.

52. jagmuḥ yathā īpsitam deśam tapase kṛtaniścayāḥ
dhāraṇāt sarva lokānām sarva dharma pravartakāḥ

52. kṛtaniścayāḥ tapase yathepsitam deśam jagmuḥ
sarvalokānām dhāraṇāt sarvadharmapravartakāḥ

52. Having resolved to undertake spiritual discipline (tapas), they departed to a desired location. They were the promulgators of all principles of natural law (dharma) for the sustenance of all beings.

Words meanings summery:

• जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - they went (they went, they proceeded)

• यथा (yathā) - as, according to what was (as, just as, according to)

• ईप्सितम् (īpsitam) - desired (desired, wished for, intended)

• देशम् (deśam) - place (place, country, region)

• तपसे (tapase) - for spiritual discipline (tapas) (for austerity, for penance, for heat)

• कृतनिश्चयाः (kṛtaniścayāḥ) - those who had made a firm resolve (having made a firm decision, having resolved)

• धारणात् (dhāraṇāt) - for the sustenance of (from supporting, on account of maintaining, due to upholding)

• सर्व (sarva) - all (all, every, whole)

• लोकानाम् (lokānām) - of all worlds/beings (of the worlds, of the people, of beings)

• सर्वधर्मप्रवर्तकाः (sarvadharmapravartakāḥ) - the promulgators of all natural laws (dharma) (initiators of all laws, promulgators of all principles (dharma))

Words meanings and morphology

जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - they went (they went, they proceeded)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (liṭ) of gam

Perfect

3rd plural Perfect active of `gam`

Root: gam (class 1)

यथा (yathā) - as, according to what was (as, just as, according to)

(indeclinable)

ईप्सितम् (īpsitam) - desired (desired, wished for, intended)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of īpsita

īpsita - desired, wished, obtained

Past Passive Participle (from desiderative of `āp`)

from `āp` (to obtain) in desiderative

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Modifies `deśam`.

देशम् (deśam) - place (place, country, region)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deśa

deśa - place, spot, region

from root `diś` (to point, show)

Root: diś (class 6)

तपसे (tapase) - for spiritual discipline (tapas) (for austerity, for penance, for heat)

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, austerity, penance, spiritual discipline

from root `tap` (to heat, suffer)

Root: tap (class 1)

कृतनिश्चयाः (kṛtaniścayāḥ) - those who had made a firm resolve (having made a firm decision, having resolved)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṛtaniścaya

kṛtaniścaya - one who has made a firm resolution

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+niścaya)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root `kṛ`
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• niścaya – firm resolution, certainty
  noun (masculine)
  from `ni`-`ci` (to ascertain)
  Prefix: ni
  Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Refers to the implied subject of `jagmuḥ`.

धारणात् (dhāraṇāt) - for the sustenance of (from supporting, on account of maintaining, due to upholding)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of dhāraṇa

dhāraṇa - holding, supporting, maintaining

from root `dhṛ` (to hold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Denotes cause or purpose.

सर्व (sarva) - all (all, every, whole)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Modifies `lokānām`.

लोकानाम् (lokānām) - of all worlds/beings (of the worlds, of the people, of beings)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, people, realm

from root `lok` (to see)

Root: lok (class 1)

सर्वधर्मप्रवर्तकाः (sarvadharmapravartakāḥ) - the promulgators of all natural laws (dharma) (initiators of all laws, promulgators of all principles (dharma))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarvadharmapravartaka

sarvadharmapravartaka - promoter of all (dharma), one who establishes all laws/principles

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+dharma+pravartaka)

• sarva – all, every
  pronoun
• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  from root `dhṛ` (to hold, support)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• pravartaka – initiator, promoter, promulgator
  noun (masculine)
  from `pra`-`vṛt` (to set in motion, cause to proceed)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Acts as a predicate adjective for the implied subject of `jagmuḥ`.