महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-322, verse-1

भीष्म उवाच ।
स एवमुक्तो द्विपदां वरिष्ठो नारायणेनोत्तमपूरुषेण ।
जगाद वाक्यं द्विपदां वरिष्ठं नारायणं लोकहिताधिवासम् ॥१॥

1. bhīṣma uvāca ,
sa evamukto dvipadāṁ variṣṭho; nārāyaṇenottamapūruṣeṇa ,
jagāda vākyaṁ dvipadāṁ variṣṭhaṁ; nārāyaṇaṁ lokahitādhivāsam.

1. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca saḥ evam uktaḥ dvipadām
variṣṭhaḥ nārāyaṇena uttamapuruṣeṇa
jagāda vākyam dvipadām
variṣṭham nārāyaṇam lokahitādhivāsam

1. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca: uttamapuruṣeṇa nārāyaṇena evam uktaḥ saḥ dvipadām variṣṭhaḥ dvipadām variṣṭham lokahitādhivāsam nārāyaṇam vākyam jagāda.

1. Bhīṣma said: Addressed in this manner by Nārāyaṇa, the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa), that best among living beings then spoke these words to Nārāyaṇa, who is also the most excellent among all beings and the very abode of the world's welfare.

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma (Bhīṣma (name of a warrior in the Mahābhārata))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, he spoke)

• सः (saḥ) - he (the best among living beings, i.e., the one addressed) (he, that)

• एवम् (evam) - in this manner (thus, in this manner)

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (spoken, said, addressed)

• द्विपदाम् (dvipadām) - among living beings (of bipeds, of two-footed beings (humans))

• वरिष्ठः (variṣṭhaḥ) - best (referring to the one addressed) (best, most excellent, supreme)

• नारायणेन (nārāyaṇena) - by Nārāyaṇa

• उत्तमपुरुषेण (uttamapuruṣeṇa) - by the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa) (by the supreme person)

• जगाद (jagāda) - spoke (these words) (he spoke, he said)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words (word, speech, sentence)

• द्विपदाम् (dvipadām) - among all beings (of bipeds, of two-footed beings (humans))

• वरिष्ठम् (variṣṭham) - most excellent (best, most excellent, supreme)

• नारायणम् (nārāyaṇam) - Nārāyaṇa

• लोकहिताधिवासम् (lokahitādhivāsam) - the very abode of the world's welfare (abode of world's welfare, dwelling in the welfare of people)

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma (Bhīṣma (name of a warrior in the Mahābhārata))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (name of a warrior in the Mahābhārata), terrible, formidable

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Root 'vac' (to speak), perfect tense (lit)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Denotes past action.

सः (saḥ) - he (the best among living beings, i.e., the one addressed) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of 'jagāda'.

एवम् (evam) - in this manner (thus, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Qualifies 'uktaḥ'.

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (spoken, said, addressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, addressed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'vac' (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Participle agreeing with 'saḥ'.

द्विपदाम् (dvipadām) - among living beings (of bipeds, of two-footed beings (humans))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dvipad

dvipad - biped, two-footed being (man, bird)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+pad)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• pad – foot, leg
  noun (feminine)

Note: Part of "dvipadām variṣṭhaḥ".

वरिष्ठः (variṣṭhaḥ) - best (referring to the one addressed) (best, most excellent, supreme)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of variṣṭha

variṣṭha - best, most excellent, supreme

Superlative of 'vara' (excellent)

Note: Adjective agreeing with 'saḥ'.

नारायणेन (nārāyaṇena) - by Nārāyaṇa

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nārāyaṇa

nārāyaṇa - Nārāyaṇa (name of a prominent Hindu deity, often identified with Viṣṇu)

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'uktaḥ'.

उत्तमपुरुषेण (uttamapuruṣeṇa) - by the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa) (by the supreme person)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of uttamapuruṣa

uttamapuruṣa - supreme person, highest spirit

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (uttama+puruṣa)

• uttama – highest, best, supreme, excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of 'ud'
• puruṣa – man, male, person, spirit, cosmic person
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective to Nārāyaṇa.

जगाद (jagāda) - spoke (these words) (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Root 'vac' (to speak), perfect tense (lit)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words (word, speech, sentence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, declaration

Note: Object of 'jagāda'.

द्विपदाम् (dvipadām) - among all beings (of bipeds, of two-footed beings (humans))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dvipad

dvipad - biped, two-footed being (man, bird)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+pad)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• pad – foot, leg
  noun (feminine)

Note: Part of "dvipadām variṣṭham".

वरिष्ठम् (variṣṭham) - most excellent (best, most excellent, supreme)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of variṣṭha

variṣṭha - best, most excellent, supreme

Superlative of 'vara' (excellent)

Note: Adjective agreeing with 'Nārāyaṇam'.

नारायणम् (nārāyaṇam) - Nārāyaṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nārāyaṇa

nārāyaṇa - Nārāyaṇa (name of a prominent Hindu deity, often identified with Viṣṇu)

Note: Object of the verb 'jagāda' (implied 'to').

लोकहिताधिवासम् (lokahitādhivāsam) - the very abode of the world's welfare (abode of world's welfare, dwelling in the welfare of people)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of lokahitādhivāsa

lokahitādhivāsa - abode of world's welfare, dwelling in the welfare of people

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (loka+hita+adhivāsa)

• loka – world, realm, people
  noun (masculine)
• hita – beneficial, welfare, good
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'dhā' (to place) with prefix 'hi'
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• adhivāsa – dwelling, abode, residence
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'vas' (to dwell) with prefix 'adhi'
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Adjective to Nārāyaṇa.