महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-322, verse-33

ततः प्रवर्तिता सम्यक्तपोविद्भिर्द्विजातिभिः ।
शब्दे चार्थे च हेतौ च एषा प्रथमसर्गजा ॥३३॥

33. tataḥ pravartitā samyaktapovidbhirdvijātibhiḥ ,
śabde cārthe ca hetau ca eṣā prathamasargajā.

33. tataḥ pravartitā samyak tapasvidbhiḥ dvijātibhiḥ
śabde ca arthe ca hetau ca eṣā prathamasargajā

33. tataḥ eṣā prathamasargajā samyak śabde ca arthe
ca hetau ca tapasvidbhiḥ dvijātibhiḥ pravartitā

33. Thereafter, this (Vedic knowledge), born of the first creation, was properly propagated by the twice-born (dvija) who were knowledgeable in asceticism (tapas), concerning sound, meaning, and their underlying principles.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - thereafter, from that, then

• प्रवर्तिता (pravartitā) - commenced, propagated, set in motion

• सम्यक् (samyak) - properly, thoroughly, completely

• तपस्विद्भिः (tapasvidbhiḥ) - by those knowledgeable in (tapas) asceticism (by those knowledgeable in asceticism, by ascetics)

• द्विजातिभिः (dvijātibhiḥ) - by the twice-born (dvija) (by the twice-born, by the Brahmins)

• शब्दे (śabde) - in sound, in word

• च (ca) - and

• अर्थे (arthe) - in meaning, in purpose, in object

• हेतौ (hetau) - in underlying principles (in cause, in reason, in motive)

• च (ca) - and

• एषा (eṣā) - this (Vedic knowledge) (this (feminine))

• प्रथमसर्गजा (prathamasargajā) - born of the first creation, primevally born

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - thereafter, from that, then

(indeclinable)

From pronoun `tad` + `tas` suffix.

प्रवर्तिता (pravartitā) - commenced, propagated, set in motion

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pravartita

pravartita - commenced, propagated, set in motion, caused to proceed

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛt with upasarga pra, +kta suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Acts as a predicate adjective.

सम्यक् (samyak) - properly, thoroughly, completely

(indeclinable)

Prefix: sam

Root: añc (class 1)

Note: Modifies `pravartitā`.

तपस्विद्भिः (tapasvidbhiḥ) - by those knowledgeable in (tapas) asceticism (by those knowledgeable in asceticism, by ascetics)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tapasvin

tapasvin - ascetic, devotee, one performing penance, one possessing ascetic power

From `tapas` + `vin` suffix, meaning 'possessing tapas'.

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Agent of `pravartitā`.

द्विजातिभिः (dvijātibhiḥ) - by the twice-born (dvija) (by the twice-born, by the Brahmins)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dvijāti

dvijāti - twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), bird, tooth

Compound of `dvi` (twice) and `jāti` (born).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dvi+jāti)

• dvi – two, twice
  indeclinable
• jāti – birth, origin, class, caste
  noun (feminine)
  From root jan + ti suffix
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Agent of `pravartitā`.

शब्दे (śabde) - in sound, in word

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, word, speech, noise

Root: śabd (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

अर्थे (arthe) - in meaning, in purpose, in object

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - meaning, purpose, object, wealth, thing

Root: ṛ (class 3)

हेतौ (hetau) - in underlying principles (in cause, in reason, in motive)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of hetu

hetu - cause, reason, motive, instrument

Root: hi (class 3)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

एषा (eṣā) - this (Vedic knowledge) (this (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of `pravartitā`.

प्रथमसर्गजा (prathamasargajā) - born of the first creation, primevally born

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prathamasargaja

prathamasargaja - born of the first creation, primevally born

Compound. `prathama` (first) + `sarga` (creation) + `ja` (born).

Compound type : tatpurusha (prathama+sarga+ja)

• prathama – first, foremost, primary
  adjective (masculine)
• sarga – creation, emission, chapter
  noun (masculine)
  From root sṛj + ga suffix
  Root: sṛj (class 6)
• ja – born, produced from
  suffix/adjective (masculine)
  From root jan + ḍa suffix
  Root: jan (class 4)