महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-322, verse-25

तस्य प्रशासतो राज्यं धर्मेणामित्रघातिनः ।
नानृता वाक्समभवन्मनो दुष्टं न चाभवत् ।
न च कायेन कृतवान्स पापं परमण्वपि ॥२५॥

25. tasya praśāsato rājyaṁ dharmeṇāmitraghātinaḥ ,
nānṛtā vāksamabhavanmano duṣṭaṁ na cābhavat ,
na ca kāyena kṛtavānsa pāpaṁ paramaṇvapi.

25. tasya praśāsataḥ rājyam dharmeṇa
amitra-ghātinaḥ na anṛtā vāk samabhavat
manaḥ duṣṭam na ca abhavat na ca
kāyena kṛtavān sa pāpam paramāṇu api

25. amitraghātinaḥ tasya dharmeṇa rājyam
praśāsataḥ vāk anṛtā na samabhavat
manaḥ duṣṭam ca na abhavat saḥ
kāyena ca paramāṇu api pāpam na kṛtavān

25. While he, the slayer of enemies, was ruling the kingdom in accordance with (natural) law (dharma), his speech never became untruthful, his mind never became corrupted, nor did he commit even the slightest sin (pāpa) with his body.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - of him (the king) (of him, his)

• प्रशासतः (praśāsataḥ) - ruling (the kingdom) (ruling, governing, administering)

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - the kingdom (kingdom, realm, sovereignty)

• धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - in accordance with (natural) law (dharma) (by (natural) law, by righteousness, by religious merit)

• अमित्र-घातिनः (amitra-ghātinaḥ) - of the slayer of enemies (of the enemy-slayer)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अनृता (anṛtā) - untruthful (untruthful, false)

• वाक् (vāk) - speech (speech, word, voice)

• समभवत् (samabhavat) - became (it became, it happened, it was)

• मनः (manaḥ) - mind (mind, intellect, heart)

• दुष्टम् (duṣṭam) - corrupted (wicked, corrupted, spoiled, bad)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became (it became, it was)

• न (na) - nor (not, no)

• च (ca) - nor (and, also)

• कायेन (kāyena) - with his body (by the body)

• कृतवान् (kṛtavān) - he committed (he did, he made, he performed)

• स (sa) - he (he, that)

• पापम् (pāpam) - sin (pāpa) (sin, evil, wickedness)

• परमाणु (paramāṇu) - even an atom, slightest particle (atom, minute particle, smallest particle)

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - of him (the king) (of him, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the king, Ugrasena.

प्रशासतः (praśāsataḥ) - ruling (the kingdom) (ruling, governing, administering)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of praśāsat

praśāsat - ruling, governing

Present Active Participle

From √śās with upasarga pra-, present active participle

Prefix: pra

Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'tasya' and 'amitraghātinaḥ'.

राज्यम् (rājyam) - the kingdom (kingdom, realm, sovereignty)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, realm

From rājan (king)

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Object of 'praśāsataḥ'.

धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - in accordance with (natural) law (dharma) (by (natural) law, by righteousness, by religious merit)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty, virtue, religion

From √dhṛ

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Denotes the means or manner of ruling.

अमित्र-घातिनः (amitra-ghātinaḥ) - of the slayer of enemies (of the enemy-slayer)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of amitra-ghātin

amitra-ghātin - enemy-slayer, one who destroys enemies

Compound of amitra and ghātin

Compound type : upapada-tatpurusha (amitra+ghātin)

• amitra – enemy, not a friend
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of a (negation) and mitra (friend)
  Prefix: a
• ghātin – slayer, killer, destroying
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From √han with -in suffix
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'tasya' and 'praśāsataḥ'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

Note: Negates 'anṛtā vāk samabhavat'.

अनृता (anṛtā) - untruthful (untruthful, false)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of anṛta

anṛta - untruthful, false, not true

Compound of a (negation) and ṛta (truth)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'vāk'.

वाक् (vāk) - speech (speech, word, voice)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - speech, word, voice, language

From √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'samabhavat'.

समभवत् (samabhavat) - became (it became, it happened, it was)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of sam-bhū

Imperfect Tense

From √bhū with upasarga sam-, imperfect active, 3rd person singular

Prefix: sam

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'vāk'.

मनः (manaḥ) - mind (mind, intellect, heart)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, heart, disposition

From √man

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'abhavat'.

दुष्टम् (duṣṭam) - corrupted (wicked, corrupted, spoiled, bad)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duṣṭa

duṣṭa - wicked, corrupted, bad, polluted

Past Passive Participle

From √duṣ

Root: duṣ (class 4)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'manaḥ'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

Note: Negates 'manaḥ duṣṭam abhavat'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunctive particle

Note: Connects the clause about mind to the previous one.

अभवत् (abhavat) - became (it became, it was)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect Tense

From √bhū, imperfect active, 3rd person singular

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'manaḥ'.

न (na) - nor (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

Note: Negates 'kṛtavān sa pāpam'.

च (ca) - nor (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunctive particle

कायेन (kāyena) - with his body (by the body)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kāya

kāya - body, mass, collection

Derived from ci (to collect)

Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Denotes the instrument of action.

कृतवान् (kṛtavān) - he committed (he did, he made, he performed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtavat

kṛtavat - having done, having made, having performed

Past Active Participle

From √kṛ with -vat suffix (past active participle)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject is 'sa'.

स (sa) - he (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of 'kṛtavān'.

पापम् (pāpam) - sin (pāpa) (sin, evil, wickedness)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - sin, evil, wickedness, vice

Note: Object of 'kṛtavān'.

परमाणु (paramāṇu) - even an atom, slightest particle (atom, minute particle, smallest particle)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of paramāṇu

paramāṇu - atom, ultimate particle, subtlest part

Compound of parama and aṇu

Compound type : karma-dhāraya (parama+aṇu)

• parama – supreme, highest, most excellent
  adjective
• aṇu – atom, minute particle, small
  noun (masculine)
  Root: aṇ (class 1)

Note: Used in conjunction with 'api' for emphasis.

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

Particle of emphasis or conjunction

Note: Used with 'paramāṇu' to mean 'even an atom'.