महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-322, verse-40

अधिकारेषु वर्तन्ते यथास्वं ब्रह्मवादिनः ।
सर्वे प्रमाणं हि यथा तथैतच्छास्त्रमुत्तमम् ॥४०॥

40. adhikāreṣu vartante yathāsvaṁ brahmavādinaḥ ,
sarve pramāṇaṁ hi yathā tathaitacchāstramuttamam.

40. adhikāreṣu vartante yathāsvam brahmavādinaḥ sarve
pramāṇam hi yathā tathā etat śāstram uttamam

40. brahmavādinaḥ yathāsvam adhikāreṣu vartante yathā sarve hi pramāṇam,
tathā etat uttamam śāstram

40. The expounders of brahman (brahmavādinaḥ) perform their functions in their own respective domains. Just as all (these things) are indeed authoritative, so too is this excellent scripture.

Words meanings summery:

• अधिकारेषु (adhikāreṣu) - In offices, in domains, in positions of authority.

• वर्तन्ते (vartante) - They exist, they function, they abide.

• यथास्वम् (yathāsvam) - According to their own, respectively.

• ब्रह्मवादिनः (brahmavādinaḥ) - Expounders of brahman (brahman), those who speak about the Absolute Reality.

• सर्वे (sarve) - All.

• प्रमाणम् (pramāṇam) - Authority, valid means of knowledge.

• हि (hi) - Indeed, surely, because.

• यथा (yathā) - Just as, as.

• तथा (tathā) - So, thus, in that manner.

• एतत् (etat) - This.

• शास्त्रम् (śāstram) - Scripture, treatise, teaching.

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - Excellent, best, highest.

Words meanings and morphology

अधिकारेषु (adhikāreṣu) - In offices, in domains, in positions of authority.

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of adhikāra

adhikāra - Authority, jurisdiction, office, domain, function.

From adhi + root kṛ (to do, make) + ghañ suffix.

Prefix: adhi

Root: kṛ (class 8)

वर्तन्ते (vartante) - They exist, they function, they abide.

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt

Present Middle

3rd person plural, middle voice.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

यथास्वम् (yathāsvam) - According to their own, respectively.

(indeclinable)

yathā (as, according to) + sva (one's own).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+sva)

• yathā – As, just as, according to.
  indeclinable
• sva – One's own, private, self.
  pronoun/adjective (neuter)
  Here used in neuter singular.

ब्रह्मवादिनः (brahmavādinaḥ) - Expounders of brahman (brahman), those who speak about the Absolute Reality.

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brahmavādin

brahmavādin - One who expounds brahman (brahman), a theologian, a speaker about the Absolute.

From brahman (Absolute) and vādin (speaker/expounder, from root vad).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+vādin)

• brahman – The Absolute, the ultimate reality, the universal spirit.
  noun (neuter)
  Neuter noun.
  Root: bṛh (class 1)
• vādin – Speaker, arguer, expounder, one who says.
  noun/adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from vad
  From root vad (to speak).
  Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Subject of vartante.

सर्वे (sarve) - All.

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - All, every, whole.

Note: Refers to the previously mentioned entities (sun, moon, etc.) and potentially the brahmavādinaḥ themselves.

प्रमाणम् (pramāṇam) - Authority, valid means of knowledge.

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pramāṇa

pramāṇa - Authority, standard, measure, means of valid knowledge, proof.

From pra + root mā (to measure) + anaṭ suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: mā (class 3)

Note: Used as a predicate, 'are authority'.

हि (hi) - Indeed, surely, because.

(indeclinable)

An emphasizing particle or conjunction.

यथा (yathā) - Just as, as.

(indeclinable)

Correlative with tathā.

तथा (tathā) - So, thus, in that manner.

(indeclinable)

Correlative with yathā.

एतत् (etat) - This.

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - This (demonstrative pronoun).

Neuter singular nominative.

शास्त्रम् (śāstram) - Scripture, treatise, teaching.

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śāstra

śāstra - Instruction, precept, rule, sacred book, scientific treatise.

From root śās (to teach, rule).

Root: śās (class 2)

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - Excellent, best, highest.

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of uttama

uttama - Best, excellent, highest, supreme, principal.

Superlative form from ud (up) + tamap.