महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-312, verse-41

आरणेयस्तु शुद्धात्मा त्रिसंदेहस्त्रिकर्मकृत् ।
वश्येन्द्रियो जितक्रोधो न हृष्यति न कुप्यति ॥४१॥

41. āraṇeyastu śuddhātmā trisaṁdehastrikarmakṛt ,
vaśyendriyo jitakrodho na hṛṣyati na kupyati.

41. āraṇeyaḥ tu śuddhātmā trisaṃdehaḥ trikarmakṛt
vaśyendriyaḥ jitakrodhaḥ na hṛṣyati na kupyati

41. tu āraṇeyaḥ śuddhātmā trisaṃdehaḥ trikarmakṛt
vaśyendriyaḥ jitakrodhaḥ na hṛṣyati na kupyati

41. Indeed, Āraṇeya, with a pure soul (ātman), free from the three kinds of doubt, and diligently performing the three sacred duties (karma), has subdued his senses and conquered anger; he neither excessively rejoices nor becomes angry.

Words meanings summery:

• आरणेयः (āraṇeyaḥ) - Āraṇeya (son/descendant of Araṇa)

• तु (tu) - but, moreover, indeed

• शुद्धात्मा (śuddhātmā) - pure-souled, whose soul (ātman) is pure

• त्रिसंदेहः (trisaṁdehaḥ) - free from the three fundamental doubts (e.g., concerning the transient nature of existence, the nature of self, and the path to liberation) (whose three doubts are resolved, free from three kinds of doubt)

• त्रिकर्मकृत् (trikarmakṛt) - performer of the three prescribed Vedic duties (e.g., studying, performing yajña, giving dāna) (performer of the three sacred duties (karma))

• वश्येन्द्रियः (vaśyendriyaḥ) - having controlled senses

• जितक्रोधः (jitakrodhaḥ) - having conquered anger

• न (na) - not

• हृष्यति (hṛṣyati) - he rejoices, becomes exhilarated

• न (na) - not

• कुप्यति (kupyati) - he becomes angry

Words meanings and morphology

आरणेयः (āraṇeyaḥ) - Āraṇeya (son/descendant of Araṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āraṇeya

āraṇeya - son of Araṇa, descendant of Araṇa

Patronymic from 'Araṇa'

तु (tu) - but, moreover, indeed

(indeclinable)

Conjunction/particle

शुद्धात्मा (śuddhātmā) - pure-souled, whose soul (ātman) is pure

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śuddhātman

śuddhātman - pure-souled, pure self

Bahuvrīhi compound, literally 'pure is his ātman'

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śuddha+ātman)

• śuddha – pure, clean, clear
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √śudh (to purify)
  Root: śudh (class 4)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

त्रिसंदेहः (trisaṁdehaḥ) - free from the three fundamental doubts (e.g., concerning the transient nature of existence, the nature of self, and the path to liberation) (whose three doubts are resolved, free from three kinds of doubt)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of trisaṃdeha

trisaṁdeha - having three doubts, or whose three doubts are resolved

Bahuvrīhi compound, literally 'three doubts are his'. In this context, implies resolution or transcendence of these doubts. 'tri' (three) + 'saṃdeha' (doubt)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tri+saṃdeha)

• tri – three
  adjective
• saṃdeha – doubt, uncertainty
  noun (masculine)
  From prefix 'sam' and root √dih (to smear, to doubt)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: dih (class 6)

Note: Qualifies Āraṇeya.

त्रिकर्मकृत् (trikarmakṛt) - performer of the three prescribed Vedic duties (e.g., studying, performing yajña, giving dāna) (performer of the three sacred duties (karma))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of trikarmakṛt

trikarmakṛt - performing the three duties

Tatpuruṣa compound of 'tri' (three) and 'karmakṛt' (doer of deeds). The three duties typically refer to Vedic study, performing yajña, and giving dāna for a Brahmin.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tri+karma+kṛt)

• tri – three
  adjective
• karma – action, deed, duty, ritual
  noun (neuter)
  From root √kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• kṛt – doer, maker, performer
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from root √kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

वश्येन्द्रियः (vaśyendriyaḥ) - having controlled senses

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaśyendriya

vaśyendriya - having subdued senses, self-controlled

Bahuvrīhi compound, literally 'whose senses are subdued'. 'vaśya' (obedient, subdued) + 'indriya' (sense organ)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vaśya+indriya)

• vaśya – obedient, subdued, controllable
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  From root √vaś (to wish, to control)
  Root: vaś (class 2)
• indriya – sense organ, faculty
  noun (neuter)
  Root: ind

जितक्रोधः (jitakrodhaḥ) - having conquered anger

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jitakrodha

jitakrodha - one who has conquered anger

Bahuvrīhi compound, literally 'whose anger is conquered'. 'jita' (conquered) + 'krodha' (anger)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jita+krodha)

• jita – conquered, vanquished
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √ji (to conquer)
  Root: ji (class 1)
• krodha – anger, wrath
  noun (masculine)
  From root √krudh (to be angry)
  Root: krudh (class 4)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

Note: Negates the following verb.

हृष्यति (hṛṣyati) - he rejoices, becomes exhilarated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of hṛṣ

Present 3rd singular from root √hṛṣ (to be excited, rejoice)

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

Note: Negates the following verb.

कुप्यति (kupyati) - he becomes angry

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of kup

Present 3rd singular from root √kup (to be angry)

Root: kup (class 4)