महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-312, verse-18

उद्यानानि च रम्याणि तथैवायतनानि च ।
पुण्यानि चैव तीर्थानि सोऽतिक्रम्य तथाध्वनः ॥१८॥

18. udyānāni ca ramyāṇi tathaivāyatanāni ca ,
puṇyāni caiva tīrthāni so'tikramya tathādhvanaḥ.

18. udyānāni ca ramyāṇi tathā eva āyatanāni ca puṇyāni
ca eva tīrthāni saḥ atikramya tathā adhvanaḥ

18. saḥ ramyāṇi ca udyānāni tathā eva āyatanāni ca
puṇyāni ca eva tīrthāni atikramya tathā adhvanaḥ

18. Having passed by beautiful gardens, and likewise temples, and indeed sacred pilgrimage sites, he thus traversed the path.

Words meanings summery:

• उद्यानानि (udyānāni) - gardens, parks

• च (ca) - and

• रम्याणि (ramyāṇi) - beautiful, delightful

• तथा (tathā) - likewise, thus, so

• एव (eva) - only, indeed, just

• आयतनानि (āyatanāni) - temples, sanctuaries, abodes

• च (ca) - and

• पुण्यानि (puṇyāni) - sacred, meritorious, pure

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - only, indeed, just

• तीर्थानि (tīrthāni) - holy places, pilgrimage sites, fords

• सः (saḥ) - the great sage (he, that)

• अतिक्रम्य (atikramya) - having passed by (these places), having traversed (the path) (having passed over, having crossed, having traversed)

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• अध्वनः (adhvanaḥ) - the journey itself, or 'along the path' (of the path, from the path, the journey)

Words meanings and morphology

उद्यानानि (udyānāni) - gardens, parks

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of udyāna

udyāna - garden, park

From 'ud' (up) + √yā (to go, move).

Prefix: ud

Root: yā (class 2)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects elements.

रम्याणि (ramyāṇi) - beautiful, delightful

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of ramya

ramya - beautiful, delightful, charming

Gerundive (future passive participle)

From root 'ram' (to delight in).

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'udyānāni'.

तथा (tathā) - likewise, thus, so

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates similarity or continuation.

एव (eva) - only, indeed, just

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

आयतनानि (āyatanāni) - temples, sanctuaries, abodes

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of āyatana

āyatana - abode, dwelling, temple, sanctuary

From 'ā' (towards) + √yat (to strive, extend).

Prefix: ā

Root: yat (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects elements.

पुण्यानि (puṇyāni) - sacred, meritorious, pure

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of puṇya

puṇya - sacred, holy, meritorious, pure

Note: Agrees with 'tīrthāni'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects elements.

एव (eva) - only, indeed, just

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

तीर्थानि (tīrthāni) - holy places, pilgrimage sites, fords

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of tīrtha

tīrtha - ford, bathing place, sacred place, pilgrimage site

सः (saḥ) - the great sage (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of the sentence.

अतिक्रम्य (atikramya) - having passed by (these places), having traversed (the path) (having passed over, having crossed, having traversed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from the root 'kram' with prefix 'ati' and suffix '-ya'.

Prefix: ati

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Indicates completion of an action before the main implied verb of movement.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to the manner of traversing.

अध्वनः (adhvanaḥ) - the journey itself, or 'along the path' (of the path, from the path, the journey)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of adhvan

adhvan - path, road, journey

Note: Used with verbs of motion, can mean 'along the path' or 'the duration/extent of the journey'.