महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-312, verse-23

हस्त्यश्वरथसंकीर्णं नरनारीसमाकुलम् ।
पश्यन्नपश्यन्निव तत्समतिक्रामदच्युतः ॥२३॥

23. hastyaśvarathasaṁkīrṇaṁ naranārīsamākulam ,
paśyannapaśyanniva tatsamatikrāmadacyutaḥ.

23. hastyaśvarathasaṃkīrṇam naranārīsamākulam
paśyan apaśyan iva tat samatikrāmat acyutaḥ

23. acyutaḥ tat hastyaśvarathasaṃkīrṇam
naranārīsamākulam paśyan apaśyan iva samatikrāmat

23. Acyuta passed through that city, which was crowded with elephants, horses, and chariots and bustling with men and women, yet he did so as if he saw nothing.

Words meanings summery:

• हस्त्यश्वरथसंकीर्णम् (hastyaśvarathasaṁkīrṇam) - crowded with elephants, horses, and chariots

• नरनारीसमाकुलम् (naranārīsamākulam) - bustling with men and women

• पश्यन् (paśyan) - seeing

• अपश्यन् (apaśyan) - not seeing

• इव (iva) - as if, like

• तत् (tat) - that city (implied from context) (that)

• समतिक्रामत् (samatikrāmat) - passed through, traversed

• अच्युतः (acyutaḥ) - Janaka (the king of Videha, known for his detachment) (Acyuta (Vishnu/Krishna), the infallible one)

Words meanings and morphology

हस्त्यश्वरथसंकीर्णम् (hastyaśvarathasaṁkīrṇam) - crowded with elephants, horses, and chariots

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hastyaśvarathasaṃkīrṇa

hastyaśvarathasaṁkīrṇa - crowded with elephants, horses, and chariots

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hastin+aśva+ratha+saṃkīrṇa)

• hastin – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• saṃkīrṇa – crowded, filled
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from root kīr (to scatter, strew) with prefix sam-.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kīr (class 6)

Note: Compound adjective modifying 'tat' (that city).

नरनारीसमाकुलम् (naranārīsamākulam) - bustling with men and women

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of naranārīsamākula

naranārīsamākula - bustling with men and women, full of men and women

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nara+nārī+samākula)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• nārī – woman, female
  noun (feminine)
• samākula – crowded, filled with, agitated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from root kul (to accumulate, gather) with prefixes sam- and ā-.
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: kul (class 10)

Note: Compound adjective modifying 'tat' (that city).

पश्यन् (paśyan) - seeing

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paśyat

paśyat - seeing, looking

Present Active Participle

Formed from root dṛś (to see) in present stem paśya-

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'acyutaḥ'.

अपश्यन् (apaśyan) - not seeing

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apaśyat

apaśyat - not seeing

Present Active Participle (negative)

Formed from negative prefix a- and root dṛś (to see) in present stem paśya-

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+paśyat)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• paśyat – seeing
  participle (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  Formed from root dṛś (to see) in present stem paśya-.
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'acyutaḥ'.

इव (iva) - as if, like

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that city (implied from context) (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

समतिक्रामत् (samatikrāmat) - passed through, traversed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of samatikrā

Imperfect Active

Formed from root kram (to step, go) with prefixes sam- and ati-.

Prefixes: sam+ati

Root: kram (class 1)

अच्युतः (acyutaḥ) - Janaka (the king of Videha, known for his detachment) (Acyuta (Vishnu/Krishna), the infallible one)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of acyuta

acyuta - infallible, imperishable; a name of Vishnu or Krishna; not fallen

Past Passive Participle (negative)

Formed from a- (negation) + cyuta (fallen, departed).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+cyuta)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• cyuta – fallen, departed
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from root cyu (to move, fall).
  Root: cyu (class 1)