महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-312, verse-3

श्रुत्वा पुत्रस्य वचनं परमर्षिरुवाच तम् ।
अधीष्व पुत्र मोक्षं वै धर्मांश्च विविधानपि ॥३॥

3. śrutvā putrasya vacanaṁ paramarṣiruvāca tam ,
adhīṣva putra mokṣaṁ vai dharmāṁśca vividhānapi.

3. śrutvā putrasya vacanam paramarṣiḥ uvāca tam
adhīṣva putra mokṣam vai dharmān ca vividhān api

3. putrasya vacanam śrutvā paramarṣiḥ tam uvāca
putra mokṣam vai vividhān dharmān ca api adhīṣva

3. Having heard his son's words, the great sage (Vyasa) said to him: 'O son, you must certainly study both liberation (mokṣa) and the various natural laws (dharma).'

Words meanings summery:

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - of the son

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

• परमर्षिः (paramarṣiḥ) - the great sage Vyasa (the great sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• तम् (tam) - to his son (Shuka) (to him)

• अधीष्व (adhīṣva) - you should study

• पुत्र (putra) - O Shuka (O son)

• मोक्षम् (mokṣam) - liberation, emancipation

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, surely

• धर्मान् (dharmān) - natural laws, duties, righteous conduct

• च (ca) - and

• विविधान् (vividhān) - various, manifold, diverse

• अपि (api) - also, even, moreover

Words meanings and morphology

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root śru- with suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - of the son

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, statement, saying

Root: vac (class 2)

परमर्षिः (paramarṣiḥ) - the great sage Vyasa (the great sage)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paramarṣi

paramarṣi - great sage, supreme sage

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+ṛṣi)

• parama – supreme, highest, ultimate
  adjective
• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

तम् (tam) - to his son (Shuka) (to him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अधीष्व (adhīṣva) - you should study

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (lot) of adhi-ī

Root ī- with upasarga adhi-

Prefix: adhi

Root: ī (class 2)

पुत्र (putra) - O Shuka (O son)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

मोक्षम् (mokṣam) - liberation, emancipation

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mokṣa

mokṣa - liberation, emancipation, freedom

Root: muc (class 6)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, surely

(indeclinable)

धर्मान् (dharmān) - natural laws, duties, righteous conduct

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

विविधान् (vividhān) - various, manifold, diverse

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vividha

vividha - various, manifold, diverse

अपि (api) - also, even, moreover

(indeclinable)