महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-312, verse-20

तत्र ग्रामान्बहून्पश्यन्बह्वन्नरसभोजनान् ।
पल्लीघोषान्समृद्धांश्च बहुगोकुलसंकुलान् ॥२०॥

20. tatra grāmānbahūnpaśyanbahvannarasabhojanān ,
pallīghoṣānsamṛddhāṁśca bahugokulasaṁkulān.

20. tatra grāmān bahūn paśyan bahvanna-rasa-bhojanān
| pallīghoṣān samṛddhān ca bahu-gokula-saṅkulān

20. tatra paśyan bahūn grāmān bahvanna-rasa-bhojanān
ca samṛddhān pallīghoṣān bahu-gokula-saṅkulān

20. There, he saw many villages rich in abundant food, juices, and meals, as well as prosperous cowherd settlements teeming with numerous cattle herds.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - in Videha (there, in that place)

• ग्रामान् (grāmān) - villages (accusative plural)

• बहून् (bahūn) - many, numerous (masculine, accusative, plural)

• पश्यन् (paśyan) - the protagonist seeing these sights (seeing, observing, looking (masculine, nominative, singular))

• बह्वन्न-रस-भोजनान् (bahvanna-rasa-bhojanān) - describing the villages as being plentiful in provisions (having abundant food, juices, and meals)

• पल्लीघोषान् (pallīghoṣān) - cowherd settlements (accusative plural)

• समृद्धान् (samṛddhān) - describing the cowherd settlements as prosperous (prosperous, flourishing, rich (masculine, accusative, plural))

• च (ca) - and, also

• बहु-गोकुल-सङ्कुलान् (bahu-gokula-saṅkulān) - describing the cowherd settlements as crowded with cattle (teeming with many herds of cattle)

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - in Videha (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Derived from the pronominal stem 'tad' with the suffix '-tra'.

ग्रामान् (grāmān) - villages (accusative plural)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of grāma

grāma - village, hamlet, community

बहून् (bahūn) - many, numerous (masculine, accusative, plural)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, abundant

Note: Agrees with 'grāmān'.

पश्यन् (paśyan) - the protagonist seeing these sights (seeing, observing, looking (masculine, nominative, singular))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paśyat

paśyat - seeing, looking

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root √dṛś 'to see', using the substitute 'paś'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Modifies the implied subject 'he'.

बह्वन्न-रस-भोजनान् (bahvanna-rasa-bhojanān) - describing the villages as being plentiful in provisions (having abundant food, juices, and meals)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bahvanna-rasa-bhojana

bahvanna-rasa-bhojana - full of much food, juices, and meals

Compound formed from 'bahu' (much), 'anna' (food), 'rasa' (juice), and 'bhojana' (meal).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bahu+anna+rasa+bhojana)

• bahu – much, many, abundant
  adjective
• anna – food, grain, rice
  noun (neuter)
  From root √ad 'to eat'.
  Root: ad (class 2)
• rasa – juice, fluid, essence, taste
  noun (masculine)
  From root √ras 'to taste, to sound'.
  Root: ras (class 1)
• bhojana – eating, food, meal
  noun (neuter)
  From root √bhuj 'to eat, enjoy'.
  Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'grāmān'.

पल्लीघोषान् (pallīghoṣān) - cowherd settlements (accusative plural)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pallīghoṣa

pallīghoṣa - cowherd's village or settlement

Compound of pallī (small village) and ghoṣa (cowherd settlement).

Compound type : tatpurusha (pallī+ghoṣa)

• pallī – small village, hamlet
  noun (feminine)
• ghoṣa – sound, noise; cowherd's station, settlement of cowherds
  noun (masculine)
  From root √ghuṣ 'to proclaim, sound'.
  Root: ghuṣ (class 1)

समृद्धान् (samṛddhān) - describing the cowherd settlements as prosperous (prosperous, flourishing, rich (masculine, accusative, plural))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of samṛddha

samṛddha - prosperous, flourishing, abundant, successful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √ṛdh 'to thrive, increase' with the prefix 'sam'.

Prefix: sam

Root: ṛdh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'pallīghoṣān'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

बहु-गोकुल-सङ्कुलान् (bahu-gokula-saṅkulān) - describing the cowherd settlements as crowded with cattle (teeming with many herds of cattle)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bahu-gokula-saṅkula

bahu-gokula-saṅkula - crowded or filled with many herds of cows

Compound formed from 'bahu' (many), 'gokula' (herd of cows), and 'saṅkula' (crowded).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bahu+gokula+saṅkula)

• bahu – much, many, abundant
  adjective
• gokula – herd of cows, cow-pen
  noun (neuter)
  Compound of go (cow) and kula (family, herd).
• saṅkula – crowded, filled, confused
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root √kul 'to collect' with prefix sam.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kul (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'pallīghoṣān'.