महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-261, verse-56

शास्त्रादपेतं पश्यन्ति बहवो व्यक्तमानिनः ।
शास्त्रदोषान्न पश्यन्ति इह चामुत्र चापरे ।
अविज्ञानहतप्रज्ञा हीनप्रज्ञास्तमोवृताः ॥५६॥

56. śāstrādapetaṁ paśyanti bahavo vyaktamāninaḥ ,
śāstradoṣānna paśyanti iha cāmutra cāpare ,
avijñānahataprajñā hīnaprajñāstamovṛtāḥ.

56. śāstrāt apetam paśyanti bahavaḥ
vyaktamāninaḥ śāstradoṣān na paśyanti
iha ca amutra ca apare
avijñānahataprajñāḥ hīnaprajñāḥ tamovṛtāḥ

56. bahavaḥ vyaktamāninaḥ śāstrāt apetam (ācāram) paśyanti.
apare ca iha ca amutra ca śāstradoṣān na paśyanti.
(te) avijñānahataprajñāḥ,
hīnaprajñāḥ,
tamovṛtāḥ (ca santi).

56. Many who consider themselves wise or discerning regard as legitimate that which deviates from sacred teaching. However, others, both in this life and the next, fail to see the detrimental consequences of disregarding sacred teaching. Their intellect is destroyed by lack of knowledge, their wisdom is deficient, and they are enveloped by darkness.

Words meanings summery:

• शास्त्रात् (śāstrāt) - from sacred teaching, from scripture

• अपेतम् (apetam) - deviated, gone away from, fallen off

• पश्यन्ति (paśyanti) - they consider as legitimate (they see, they perceive, they regard)

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many, numerous

• व्यक्तमानिनः (vyaktamāninaḥ) - those who consider themselves wise or discerning (those who consider themselves manifest/clear/wise, conceited)

• शास्त्रदोषान् (śāstradoṣān) - detrimental consequences of disregarding sacred teaching (faults of sacred teaching, defects in scripture, adverse consequences of neglecting scripture)

• न (na) - not, no

• पश्यन्ति (paśyanti) - they fail to see/perceive (they see, they perceive)

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• अमुत्र (amutra) - there, in the other world, in the hereafter

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• अपरे (apare) - others, another

• अविज्ञानहतप्रज्ञाः (avijñānahataprajñāḥ) - whose intellect is destroyed by lack of knowledge, whose wisdom is shattered by ignorance

• हीनप्रज्ञाः (hīnaprajñāḥ) - deficient in wisdom, whose intellect is weak

• तमोवृताः (tamovṛtāḥ) - enveloped by darkness/ignorance, covered by darkness

Words meanings and morphology

शास्त्रात् (śāstrāt) - from sacred teaching, from scripture

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of śāstra

śāstra - sacred teaching, scripture, treatise, rule, instruction

Derived from 'śās' (to teach, to instruct).

Root: śās (class 2)

अपेतम् (apetam) - deviated, gone away from, fallen off

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of apeta

apeta - deviated, gone away, departed, free from

Past Passive Participle

Derived from 'apa-i' (to go away).

Prefix: apa

Root: i (class 2)

पश्यन्ति (paśyanti) - they consider as legitimate (they see, they perceive, they regard)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of dṛś

Present Active

Root 'dṛś' (class 1, replaces 'dṛś' with 'paśya' in present stem), parasmaipada form.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many, numerous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, numerous, much, abundant

व्यक्तमानिनः (vyaktamāninaḥ) - those who consider themselves wise or discerning (those who consider themselves manifest/clear/wise, conceited)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vyaktamānin

vyaktamānin - considering oneself manifest/clear/wise, conceited, proud of one's understanding

Compound of 'vyakta' (manifest, clear) and 'mānin' (considering oneself as).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vyakta+mānin)

• vyakta – manifest, clear, distinct, evident, expressed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from 'vi-añj' (to make manifest).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: añj (class 7)
• mānin – considering oneself as, thinking to be, proud of, conceited
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from 'man' (to think, to believe) with the suffix '-in'.
  Root: man (class 4)

शास्त्रदोषान् (śāstradoṣān) - detrimental consequences of disregarding sacred teaching (faults of sacred teaching, defects in scripture, adverse consequences of neglecting scripture)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śāstradoṣa

śāstradoṣa - faults of sacred teaching, defects in scripture, adverse consequences related to scripture

Tatpurusha compound: śāstra (sacred teaching) + doṣa (fault).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śāstra+doṣa)

• śāstra – sacred teaching, scripture, treatise, rule
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from 'śās' (to teach, to instruct).
  Root: śās (class 2)
• doṣa – fault, defect, error, sin, adverse consequence
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'duṣ' (to be corrupt, to fail).
  Root: duṣ (class 4)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

पश्यन्ति (paśyanti) - they fail to see/perceive (they see, they perceive)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of dṛś

Present Active

Root 'dṛś' (class 1, replaces 'dṛś' with 'paśya' in present stem), parasmaipada form.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

अमुत्र (amutra) - there, in the other world, in the hereafter

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'adas' (that) + 'tra' (place suffix).

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

अपरे (apare) - others, another

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of apara

apara - other, another, posterior, later, inferior

अविज्ञानहतप्रज्ञाः (avijñānahataprajñāḥ) - whose intellect is destroyed by lack of knowledge, whose wisdom is shattered by ignorance

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of avijñānahataprajña

avijñānahataprajña - whose intellect is destroyed by lack of knowledge/ignorance

Bahuvrihi compound: avijñāna (lack of knowledge) + hata (destroyed) + prajñā (intellect).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (avijñāna+hata+prajñā)

• avijñāna – lack of knowledge, ignorance, nescience
  noun (neuter)
  Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound: a (not) + vijñāna (knowledge).
• hata – destroyed, slain, struck, injured
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from 'han' (to strike, to kill).
  Root: han (class 2)
• prajñā – intellect, wisdom, understanding, discernment
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from 'pra-jñā' (to know well).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: jñā (class 9)

हीनप्रज्ञाः (hīnaprajñāḥ) - deficient in wisdom, whose intellect is weak

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hīnaprajña

hīnaprajña - deficient in wisdom, whose intellect is weak/lost

Bahuvrihi compound: hīna (deficient) + prajñā (intellect).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hīna+prajñā)

• hīna – deficient, devoid of, deprived, abandoned
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from 'hā' (to abandon, to lose).
  Root: hā (class 3)
• prajñā – intellect, wisdom, understanding, discernment
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from 'pra-jñā' (to know well).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: jñā (class 9)

तमोवृताः (tamovṛtāḥ) - enveloped by darkness/ignorance, covered by darkness

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tamovṛta

tamovṛta - enveloped by darkness/ignorance

Tatpurusha compound: tamas (darkness) + vṛta (covered).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tamas+vṛta)

• tamas – darkness, ignorance, gloom
  noun (neuter)
• vṛta – covered, surrounded, enveloped, chosen
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from 'vṛ' (to cover, to choose).
  Root: vṛ (class 5)