महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-122, verse-39

क्षुपस्तु मनवे प्रादादादित्यतनयाय च ।
पुत्रेभ्यः श्राद्धदेवस्तु सूक्ष्मधर्मार्थकारणात् ।
तं ददौ सूर्यपुत्रस्तु मनुर्वै रक्षणात्मकम् ॥३९॥

39. kṣupastu manave prādādādityatanayāya ca ,
putrebhyaḥ śrāddhadevastu sūkṣmadharmārthakāraṇāt ,
taṁ dadau sūryaputrastu manurvai rakṣaṇātmakam.

39. kṣupaḥ tu manave prādāt ādityatanayāya
ca putrebhyaḥ śrāddhadevaḥ tu
sūkṣmadharmārthakāraṇāt tam dadau
sūryaputraḥ tu manuḥ vai rakṣaṇātmakam

39. kṣupaḥ tu manave prādāt ādityatanayāya
ca putrebhyaḥ śrāddhadevaḥ tu
sūkṣmadharmārthakāraṇāt tam dadau
sūryaputraḥ tu manuḥ vai rakṣaṇātmakam

39. Kshupa then gave [it] to Manu, who is also known as the son of Aditya. Shraddhadeva (Manu), prompted by the subtle principles of (natural) law (dharma) and its purpose, gave it to his sons. Indeed, Manu, the son of Surya, gave that [rod], which is inherently protective.

Words meanings summery:

• क्षुपः (kṣupaḥ) - Kshupa

• तु (tu) - here implies continuation or 'in turn' (but, on the other hand, indeed, and)

• मनवे (manave) - to Manu

• प्रादात् (prādāt) - gave, bestowed

• आदित्यतनयाय (ādityatanayāya) - refers to Manu Vaivasvata (to the son of Aditya)

• च (ca) - and

• पुत्रेभ्यः (putrebhyaḥ) - to Manu's sons (to the sons)

• श्राद्धदेवः (śrāddhadevaḥ) - Manu Vaivasvata (Shraddhadeva (a name of Manu Vaivasvata))

• तु (tu) - here implies continuation or 'in turn' (but, on the other hand, indeed, and)

• सूक्ष्मधर्मार्थकारणात् (sūkṣmadharmārthakāraṇāt) - due to profound considerations of the intrinsic nature (dharma) and its objectives (due to reasons of subtle (natural) law and purpose)

• तम् (tam) - referring to the 'daṇḍa' (rod/staff of justice) (that (masculine accusative singular))

• ददौ (dadau) - gave, bestowed

• सूर्यपुत्रः (sūryaputraḥ) - refers to Manu Vaivasvata (the son of Surya)

• तु (tu) - here implies continuation or 'in turn' (but, on the other hand, indeed, and)

• मनुः (manuḥ) - Manu

• वै (vai) - emphatic particle (indeed, surely, verily)

• रक्षणात्मकम् (rakṣaṇātmakam) - the rod (daṇḍa) that protects (of a protective nature, protective)

Words meanings and morphology

क्षुपः (kṣupaḥ) - Kshupa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣupa

kṣupa - Kshupa (name of a king or Rishi)

तु (tu) - here implies continuation or 'in turn' (but, on the other hand, indeed, and)

(indeclinable)

मनवे (manave) - to Manu

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of manu

manu - Manu (progenitor of mankind, lawgiver)

प्रादात् (prādāt) - gave, bestowed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of pra-dā

Aorist, 3rd person singular

Root dā with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

आदित्यतनयाय (ādityatanayāya) - refers to Manu Vaivasvata (to the son of Aditya)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of ādityatanaya

ādityatanaya - son of Aditya, son of the sun-god

Compound noun

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āditya+tanaya)

• āditya – son of Aditi, a god, the sun-god
  noun (masculine)
• tanaya – son, offspring
  noun (masculine)
  Root: tan (class 8)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पुत्रेभ्यः (putrebhyaḥ) - to Manu's sons (to the sons)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son

Note: The form -bhyaḥ is used for dative and ablative plural. Context indicates dative.

श्राद्धदेवः (śrāddhadevaḥ) - Manu Vaivasvata (Shraddhadeva (a name of Manu Vaivasvata))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrāddhadeva

śrāddhadeva - Shraddhadeva (name of Manu, son of Vivasvat)

Compound noun

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śrāddha+deva)

• śrāddha – faith, funerary rite
  noun (neuter)
• deva – god, divine
  noun (masculine)
  Root: div (class 4)

तु (tu) - here implies continuation or 'in turn' (but, on the other hand, indeed, and)

(indeclinable)

सूक्ष्मधर्मार्थकारणात् (sūkṣmadharmārthakāraṇāt) - due to profound considerations of the intrinsic nature (dharma) and its objectives (due to reasons of subtle (natural) law and purpose)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of sūkṣmadharmārthakāraṇa

sūkṣmadharmārthakāraṇa - reason for subtle (natural) law (dharma) and purpose

Compound noun

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sūkṣma+dharma+artha+kāraṇa)

• sūkṣma – subtle, minute, delicate
  adjective (neuter)
• dharma – (natural) law, righteousness, duty, constitution
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛdh (class 5)
• kāraṇa – cause, reason, instrument
  noun (neuter)
  From root kṛ (to do) with suffix -ana
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Forms an ablative indicating 'due to'.

तम् (tam) - referring to the 'daṇḍa' (rod/staff of justice) (that (masculine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Masculine form of the demonstrative pronoun tad.

ददौ (dadau) - gave, bestowed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of dā

Perfect, 3rd person singular

Reduplicated perfect form

Root: dā (class 3)

सूर्यपुत्रः (sūryaputraḥ) - refers to Manu Vaivasvata (the son of Surya)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūryaputra

sūryaputra - son of Surya (the sun god)

Compound noun

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sūrya+putra)

• sūrya – sun, sun-god
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son, offspring
  noun (masculine)

तु (tu) - here implies continuation or 'in turn' (but, on the other hand, indeed, and)

(indeclinable)

मनुः (manuḥ) - Manu

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of manu

manu - Manu (progenitor of mankind, lawgiver)

वै (vai) - emphatic particle (indeed, surely, verily)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

रक्षणात्मकम् (rakṣaṇātmakam) - the rod (daṇḍa) that protects (of a protective nature, protective)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rakṣaṇātmaka

rakṣaṇātmaka - of a protective nature, protective

Compound adjective

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rakṣaṇa+ātmaka)

• rakṣaṇa – protecting, guarding, preservation
  noun (neuter)
  From root rakṣ (to protect)
  Root: rakṣ (class 1)
• ātmaka – having the nature of, consisting of, pertaining to
  adjective (masculine)
  Suffix -ātmaka indicating 'nature'

Note: Agrees with 'tam' and implied 'daṇḍam' in gender, number, and case.