महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-122, verse-13

कथं क्षत्रियसंस्थश्च दण्डः संप्रत्यवस्थितः ।
ब्रूहि मे सुमहाप्राज्ञ ददाम्याचार्यवेतनम् ॥१३॥

13. kathaṁ kṣatriyasaṁsthaśca daṇḍaḥ saṁpratyavasthitaḥ ,
brūhi me sumahāprājña dadāmyācāryavetanam.

13. kathaṃ kṣatriyasaṃsthaḥ ca daṇḍaḥ samprati avasthitaḥ
brūhi me sumahāprājña dadāmi ācāryavetanam

13. sumahāprājña me brūhi kathaṃ daṇḍaḥ samprati
kṣatriyasaṃsthaḥ avasthitaḥ ca dadāmi ācāryavetanam

13. How is it that governance (daṇḍa) is now established among the Kshatriyas? Tell me, O most wise one, I will give a teacher's fee.

Words meanings summery:

• कथं (kathaṁ) - how, in what manner, why

• क्षत्रियसंस्थः (kṣatriyasaṁsthaḥ) - established among Kshatriyas, residing with Kshatriyas

• च (ca) - and, also

• दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - stick, rod, punishment, scepter, governance (daṇḍa), staff of authority

• सम्प्रति (samprati) - now, at present

• अवस्थितः (avasthitaḥ) - situated, present, established, existing

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, speak

• मे (me) - to me, for me

• सुमहाप्राज्ञ (sumahāprājña) - O greatly wise one, O most intelligent one

• ददामि (dadāmi) - I give, I will give

• आचार्यवेतनम् (ācāryavetanam) - teacher's fee, preceptor's reward

Words meanings and morphology

कथं (kathaṁ) - how, in what manner, why

(indeclinable)

क्षत्रियसंस्थः (kṣatriyasaṁsthaḥ) - established among Kshatriyas, residing with Kshatriyas

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣatriyasaṃstha

kṣatriyasaṁstha - established among Kshatriyas, residing with Kshatriyas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣatriya+saṃstha)

• kṣatriya – belonging to the warrior class, a member of the warrior class
  noun (masculine)
• saṃstha – standing, abiding, situated, established
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: sthā (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - stick, rod, punishment, scepter, governance (daṇḍa), staff of authority

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa

daṇḍa - stick, rod, punishment, scepter, governance, staff of authority

सम्प्रति (samprati) - now, at present

(indeclinable)

अवस्थितः (avasthitaḥ) - situated, present, established, existing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avasthita

avasthita - situated, present, established, existing

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sthā with prefix ava

Prefix: ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, speak

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

मे (me) - to me, for me

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Enclitic form of 'asmad'

सुमहाप्राज्ञ (sumahāprājña) - O greatly wise one, O most intelligent one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sumahāprājña

sumahāprājña - greatly wise, most intelligent

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+mahā+prājña)

• su – good, well, excellent, very
  indeclinable
• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• prājña – wise, intelligent, knowing
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root jñā with prefix pra
  Prefix: pra
  Root: jñā (class 9)

ददामि (dadāmi) - I give, I will give

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dā

Root: dā (class 3)

आचार्यवेतनम् (ācāryavetanam) - teacher's fee, preceptor's reward

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ācāryavetana

ācāryavetana - teacher's fee, preceptor's reward

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ācārya+vetana)

• ācārya – teacher, preceptor
  noun (masculine)
• vetana – wage, fee, pay
  noun (neuter)