महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-122, verse-14

वसुहोम उवाच ।
शृणु राजन्यथा दण्डः संभूतो लोकसंग्रहः ।
प्रजाविनयरक्षार्थं धर्मस्यात्मा सनातनः ॥१४॥

14. vasuhoma uvāca ,
śṛṇu rājanyathā daṇḍaḥ saṁbhūto lokasaṁgrahaḥ ,
prajāvinayarakṣārthaṁ dharmasyātmā sanātanaḥ.

14. vasuhomaḥ uvāca śṛṇu rājan yathā daṇḍaḥ sambhūtaḥ
lokasaṃgrahaḥ prajāvinayarakṣārtham dharmasya ātmā sanātanaḥ

14. vasuhomaḥ uvāca rājan śṛṇu yathā daṇḍaḥ sambhūtaḥ
lokasaṃgrahaḥ prajāvinayarakṣārtham dharmasya sanātanaḥ ātmā

14. Vasuhoma said: Listen, O King, to how governance (daṇḍa) originated. It is the preserver of the world, for the purpose of disciplining and protecting the people, and the eternal essence (ātman) of the cosmic order (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• वसुहोमः (vasuhomaḥ) - Vasuhoma

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in what manner, how

• दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - stick, rod, punishment, scepter, governance (daṇḍa)

• सम्भूतः (sambhūtaḥ) - originated, arisen, produced, existing

• लोकसंग्रहः (lokasaṁgrahaḥ) - preserver of the world, maintaining the people, protection of the people

• प्रजाविनयरक्षार्थम् (prajāvinayarakṣārtham) - for the purpose of disciplining and protecting the subjects/people

• धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of dharma (cosmic order), of natural law

• आत्मा (ātmā) - soul (ātman), self, essence, spirit

• सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - eternal, perpetual, ancient

Words meanings and morphology

वसुहोमः (vasuhomaḥ) - Vasuhoma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vasuhoma

vasuhoma - Vasuhoma (a proper name)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in what manner, how

(indeclinable)

दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - stick, rod, punishment, scepter, governance (daṇḍa)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa

daṇḍa - stick, rod, punishment, scepter, governance, staff of authority

सम्भूतः (sambhūtaḥ) - originated, arisen, produced, existing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sambhūta

sambhūta - originated, arisen, produced, existing

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root bhū with prefix sam

Prefix: sam

Root: bhū (class 1)

लोकसंग्रहः (lokasaṁgrahaḥ) - preserver of the world, maintaining the people, protection of the people

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lokasaṃgraha

lokasaṁgraha - collection of people, protection of people, preservation of the world

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (loka+saṃgraha)

• loka – world, people, realm
  noun (masculine)
• saṃgraha – collection, compilation, protection, restraint, bringing together
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root grah with prefix sam
  Prefix: sam
  Root: grah (class 9)

प्रजाविनयरक्षार्थम् (prajāvinayarakṣārtham) - for the purpose of disciplining and protecting the subjects/people

(indeclinable)

Compound ending in 'artha' functions adverbially

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prajā+vinaya+rakṣā+artha)

• prajā – progeny, subjects, people
  noun (feminine)
• vinaya – discipline, training, modesty, removal
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root nī with prefix vi
  Prefix: vi
  Root: nī (class 1)
• rakṣā – protection, guarding
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root rakṣ
  Root: rakṣ (class 1)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, for the sake of
  noun (masculine)

धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of dharma (cosmic order), of natural law

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, cosmic order, righteousness

आत्मा (ātmā) - soul (ātman), self, essence, spirit

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - soul, self, essence, spirit, breath

सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - eternal, perpetual, ancient

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sanātana

sanātana - eternal, perpetual, ancient, everlasting