महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-25, verse-36

गान्धार्युवाच ।
पाण्डवा धार्तराष्ट्राश्च द्रुग्धाः कृष्ण परस्परम् ।
उपेक्षिता विनश्यन्तस्त्वया कस्माज्जनार्दन ॥३६॥

36. gāndhāryuvāca ,
pāṇḍavā dhārtarāṣṭrāśca drugdhāḥ kṛṣṇa parasparam ,
upekṣitā vinaśyantastvayā kasmājjanārdana.

36. gāndhārī uvāca pāṇḍavāḥ dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ ca drughāḥ kṛṣṇa
parasparam upekṣitāḥ vinaśyantaḥ tvayā kasmāt janārdana

36. gāndhārī uvāca kṛṣṇa janārdana pāṇḍavāḥ ca dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ
parasparam drughāḥ vinaśyantaḥ tvayā kasmāt upekṣitāḥ

36. Gāndhārī said: O Kṛṣṇa, O Janārdana, why were the Pāṇḍavas and the Dhārtarāṣṭras, who wronged each other and were perishing, neglected by you?

Words meanings summery:

• गान्धारी (gāndhārī) - Gāndhārī (wife of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas (sons of Pāṇḍu)

• धार्तराष्ट्राः (dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ) - the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Kauravas)

• च (ca) - and, also

• द्रुघाः (drughāḥ) - harmed, injured, wronged

• कृष्ण (kṛṣṇa) - O Kṛṣṇa

• परस्परम् (parasparam) - mutually, each other, reciprocally

• उपेक्षिताः (upekṣitāḥ) - neglected, overlooked, disregarded, abandoned

• विनश्यन्तः (vinaśyantaḥ) - perishing, being destroyed

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why? from what cause?

• जनार्दन (janārdana) - An epithet of Kṛṣṇa, meaning 'one who agitates or punishes men (evil-doers)'. (O Janārdana (Kṛṣṇa, 'agitator of men'))

Words meanings and morphology

गान्धारी (gāndhārī) - Gāndhārī (wife of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gāndhārī

gāndhārī - Gāndhārī (princess of Gāndhāra, wife of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas (sons of Pāṇḍu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - a descendant of Pāṇḍu, specifically the five brothers Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma, Arjuna, Nakula, and Sahadeva

धार्तराष्ट्राः (dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ) - the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Kauravas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - a descendant of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, specifically the hundred sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the Kauravas

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

द्रुघाः (drughāḥ) - harmed, injured, wronged

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of druh

druh - to injure, harm, betray; an enemy (as a noun)

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle from the root 'druh' (to injure), form 'drughāḥ' is a variant of 'drugdha' or 'drūḍha'.

Root: druh (class 4)

कृष्ण (kṛṣṇa) - O Kṛṣṇa

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - Kṛṣṇa (a prominent deity in Hinduism); black, dark

परस्परम् (parasparam) - mutually, each other, reciprocally

(indeclinable)

उपेक्षिताः (upekṣitāḥ) - neglected, overlooked, disregarded, abandoned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of upekṣita

upekṣita - neglected, overlooked, disregarded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'īkṣ' (to see, look) with the prefix 'upa' (near, towards).

Prefix: upa

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

विनश्यन्तः (vinaśyantaḥ) - perishing, being destroyed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vinaśyat

vinaśyat - perishing, decaying, being destroyed

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root 'naś' (to perish, be lost) with the prefix 'vi' (apart, away).

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why? from what cause?

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here adverbially, meaning 'why'.

जनार्दन (janārdana) - An epithet of Kṛṣṇa, meaning 'one who agitates or punishes men (evil-doers)'. (O Janārdana (Kṛṣṇa, 'agitator of men'))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of janārdana

janārdana - Kṛṣṇa or Viṣṇu, 'agitator of men', 'destroyer of evil men'