महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-25, verse-21

वितुद्यमानं विहगैस्तं भार्याः प्रत्युपस्थिताः ।
चेदिराजं हृषीकेश हतं सबलबान्धवम् ॥२१॥

21. vitudyamānaṁ vihagaistaṁ bhāryāḥ pratyupasthitāḥ ,
cedirājaṁ hṛṣīkeśa hataṁ sabalabāndhavam.

21. vitudyamānam vihagaiḥ tam bhāryāḥ pratyupasthitāḥ
cedirājam hṛṣīkeśa hatam sabalabāndhavam

21. hṛṣīkeśa bhāryāḥ vihagaiḥ vitudyamānam
sabalabāndhavam hatam tam cedirājam pratyupasthitāḥ

21. O Hṛṣīkeśa, his wives have come to stand before him, the King of Cedis, who lies slain along with his forces and kinsmen, and is being torn at by birds.

Words meanings summery:

• वितुद्यमानम् (vitudyamānam) - The slain body of Dhṛṣṭaketu is being scavenged by birds. (being torn, being pecked, being pierced)

• विहगैः (vihagaiḥ) - The agents pecking at the body. (by birds)

• तम् (tam) - Refers to Dhṛṣṭaketu. (him, that one)

• भार्याः (bhāryāḥ) - The grieving wives of Dhṛṣṭaketu. (wives)

• प्रत्युपस्थिताः (pratyupasthitāḥ) - The wives have arrived at the scene where Dhṛṣṭaketu lies. (having approached, standing before, present)

• चेदिराजम् (cedirājam) - Dhṛṣṭaketu, in his royal capacity. (the Cedi king)

• हृषीकेश (hṛṣīkeśa) - The speaker is addressing Kṛṣṇa. (O Hṛṣīkeśa (an epithet of Kṛṣṇa))

• हतम् (hatam) - Killed in battle. (slain, killed)

• सबलबान्धवम् (sabalabāndhavam) - Dhṛṣṭaketu's entire retinue and family have also fallen or are present. (with his forces and kinsmen, with his power and relatives)

Words meanings and morphology

वितुद्यमानम् (vitudyamānam) - The slain body of Dhṛṣṭaketu is being scavenged by birds. (being torn, being pecked, being pierced)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vitudyamāna

vitudyamāna - being pricked, being torn, being annoyed, being pecked

Present Passive Participle

From verb root tud (to prick, tear) with prefix vi, in passive voice.

Prefix: vi

Root: tud (class 6)

विहगैः (vihagaiḥ) - The agents pecking at the body. (by birds)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vihaga

vihaga - bird (lit. 'going through the air')

From vi (in the air) + gam (to go).

Compound type : upapada (vi+ga)

• vi – apart, away, in different directions; also prefix meaning 'air, sky'
  indeclinable
  Prepositional prefix.
• ga – going, moving, relating to going (from root gam)
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun suffix
  From root gam (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'vitudyamānam'.

तम् (tam) - Refers to Dhṛṣṭaketu. (him, that one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, he/she/it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of the verb 'pratyupasthitāḥ'.

भार्याः (bhāryāḥ) - The grieving wives of Dhṛṣṭaketu. (wives)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of bhāryā

bhāryā - wife (lit. 'to be supported/maintained')

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

From root bhṛ (to bear, support), literally "she who is to be supported".

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

Note: Subject of the main clause.

प्रत्युपस्थिताः (pratyupasthitāḥ) - The wives have arrived at the scene where Dhṛṣṭaketu lies. (having approached, standing before, present)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of pratyupasthita

pratyupasthita - approached, appeared, standing near, present

Past Passive Participle

From verb root sthā (to stand) with prefixes prati and upa.

Prefixes: prati+upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Effectively, "they have approached".

चेदिराजम् (cedirājam) - Dhṛṣṭaketu, in his royal capacity. (the Cedi king)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of cedirāja

cedirāja - king of the Cedis

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (cedi+rāja)

• cedi – name of a country and its inhabitants
  proper noun
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Appositive to 'tam'.

हृषीकेश (hṛṣīkeśa) - The speaker is addressing Kṛṣṇa. (O Hṛṣīkeśa (an epithet of Kṛṣṇa))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of hṛṣīkeśa

hṛṣīkeśa - master of the senses, Kṛṣṇa, Viṣṇu

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hṛṣīka+īśa)

• hṛṣīka – sense, organ of sense
  noun (neuter)
  From root hṛṣ (to be excited, thrill).
  Root: hṛṣ (class 1)
• īśa – lord, master, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  From root īś (to rule, be master of).
  Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Address to Kṛṣṇa.

हतम् (hatam) - Killed in battle. (slain, killed)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, struck down, slain

Past Passive Participle

From verb root han (to strike, kill).

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'tam'.

सबलबान्धवम् (sabalabāndhavam) - Dhṛṣṭaketu's entire retinue and family have also fallen or are present. (with his forces and kinsmen, with his power and relatives)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sabalabāndhava

sabalabāndhava - with his forces and kinsmen, together with kinsfolk and army

Compound with 'sa' (with).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+bala+bāndhava)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
  Prefix meaning 'with', 'together with'.
• bala – strength, power, force, army
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bal (class 1)
• bāndhava – kinsman, relative, friend
  noun (masculine)
  From bandhu (relation).

Note: Modifies 'tam'.