महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-25, verse-19

द्रोणास्त्रमभिहत्यैष विमर्दे मधुसूदन ।
महेष्वासो हतः शेते नद्या हृत इव द्रुमः ॥१९॥

19. droṇāstramabhihatyaiṣa vimarde madhusūdana ,
maheṣvāso hataḥ śete nadyā hṛta iva drumaḥ.

19. droṇāstram abhihatya eṣa vimarde madhusūdana
maheṣvāsaḥ hataḥ śete nadyā hṛtaḥ iva drumaḥ

19. madhusūdana vimarde droṇāstram abhihatya eṣa
maheṣvāsaḥ hataḥ nadyā hṛtaḥ drumaḥ iva śete

19. O Madhusūdana, this great archer, having been struck down by Droṇa's weapon in the conflict, lies killed, just like a tree swept away by a river.

Words meanings summery:

• द्रोणास्त्रम् (droṇāstram) - The specific weapon or attack used by Droṇa to kill Dhṛṣṭaketu. (Droṇa's weapon, the missile of Droṇa)

• अभिहत्य (abhihatya) - In the context of the previous verse, it implies "having been struck down by" (specifically Droṇa's weapon). (having struck, having attacked)

• एष (eṣa) - Refers to Dhṛṣṭaketu. (this one, he)

• विमर्दे (vimarde) - Refers to the battlefield where Dhṛṣṭaketu was killed. (in the conflict, in the battle, in the struggle)

• मधुसूदन (madhusūdana) - The speaker is addressing Kṛṣṇa. (O Slayer of Madhu (an epithet of Kṛṣṇa))

• महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭaketu, known for his archery skills. (great archer)

• हतः (hataḥ) - Killed in the battle. (killed, slain)

• शेते (śete) - He lies dead on the battlefield. (he lies, he reposes)

• नद्या (nadyā) - The agent causing the tree to be swept away in the simile. (by a river)

• हृतः (hṛtaḥ) - Describes the tree that has been swept away by the river. (carried away, swept away)

• इव (iva) - Introduces the simile. (like, as, as if)

• द्रुमः (drumaḥ) - The object of comparison for the fallen warrior. (tree)

Words meanings and morphology

द्रोणास्त्रम् (droṇāstram) - The specific weapon or attack used by Droṇa to kill Dhṛṣṭaketu. (Droṇa's weapon, the missile of Droṇa)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of droṇāstra

droṇāstra - weapon of Droṇa, missile of Droṇa

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (droṇa+astra)

• droṇa – Droṇa (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• astra – weapon, missile
  noun (neuter)
  Root: as (class 4)

Note: Object of the absolutive 'abhihatya', here interpreted as 'struck by'.

अभिहत्य (abhihatya) - In the context of the previous verse, it implies "having been struck down by" (specifically Droṇa's weapon). (having struck, having attacked)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

From verb root han (to strike, kill) with prefix abhi.

Prefix: abhi

Root: han (class 2)

एष (eṣa) - Refers to Dhṛṣṭaketu. (this one, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one, he/she/it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of the sentence.

विमर्दे (vimarde) - Refers to the battlefield where Dhṛṣṭaketu was killed. (in the conflict, in the battle, in the struggle)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vimarda

vimarda - conflict, struggle, battle, destruction

From vi-mṛd (to crush).

Prefix: vi

Root: mṛd (class 9)

Note: Denotes the place/circumstance of the action.

मधुसूदन (madhusūdana) - The speaker is addressing Kṛṣṇa. (O Slayer of Madhu (an epithet of Kṛṣṇa))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of madhusūdana

madhusūdana - slayer of Madhu (demon), Kṛṣṇa

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madhu+sūdana)

• madhu – honey, sweet, Madhu (a demon's name)
  noun (masculine)
• sūdana – slayer, destroyer
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  From root sūd (to kill, destroy).
  Root: sūd (class 10)

Note: Address to Kṛṣṇa.

महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭaketu, known for his archery skills. (great archer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great archer, mighty bowman

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
  Feminine stem of mahat. Often used as the first part of compounds.
• iṣvāsa – archer, bowman, one who shoots arrows (iṣu + āsa)
  noun (masculine)
  From iṣu (arrow) and āsa (seat, abode, or from as to throw).

Note: Appositive to 'eṣa'.

हतः (hataḥ) - Killed in the battle. (killed, slain)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, struck down, slain

Past Passive Participle

From verb root han (to strike, kill).

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'eṣa maheṣvāsaḥ'.

शेते (śete) - He lies dead on the battlefield. (he lies, he reposes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of śī

present middle

3rd person singular, present indicative.

Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Main verb of the clause.

नद्या (nadyā) - The agent causing the tree to be swept away in the simile. (by a river)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of nadī

nadī - river

Note: Agent in the simile.

हृतः (hṛtaḥ) - Describes the tree that has been swept away by the river. (carried away, swept away)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hṛta

hṛta - carried, taken away, stolen

Past Passive Participle

From root hṛ (to seize, carry).

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'drumaḥ'.

इव (iva) - Introduces the simile. (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

द्रुमः (drumaḥ) - The object of comparison for the fallen warrior. (tree)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of druma

druma - tree

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Subject of the simile.