महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-122, verse-45

ततो द्रोणः पाण्डुपुत्रानस्त्राणि विविधानि च ।
ग्राहयामास दिव्यानि मानुषाणि च वीर्यवान् ॥४५॥

45. tato droṇaḥ pāṇḍuputrānastrāṇi vividhāni ca ,
grāhayāmāsa divyāni mānuṣāṇi ca vīryavān.

45. tataḥ droṇaḥ pāṇḍuputrān astrāṇi vividhāni
ca grāhayāmāsa divyāni mānuṣāṇi ca vīryavān

45. Then, the powerful Droṇa caused the sons of Pāṇḍu to learn various weapons, both divine and human.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from that, thereupon)

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa, the revered teacher of archery (Droṇa (name of the teacher), bucket, a measure of grain)

• पाण्डुपुत्रान् (pāṇḍuputrān) - the Pāṇḍavas (the sons of Pāṇḍu)

• अस्त्राणि (astrāṇi) - weapons (in general) (weapons, missiles)

• विविधानि (vividhāni) - various kinds of (various, manifold, diverse)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• ग्राहयामास (grāhayāmāsa) - he taught (caused to learn) (he caused to seize, he caused to learn, he taught)

• दिव्यानि (divyāni) - divine (weapons) (divine, heavenly, celestial)

• मानुषाणि (mānuṣāṇi) - human (weapons) (human, pertaining to humans)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - (Droṇa) who was powerful (powerful, valorous, heroic)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from that, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

From the pronoun 'tad' (that) with the suffix '-tas' indicating 'from that' or 'then'.

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa, the revered teacher of archery (Droṇa (name of the teacher), bucket, a measure of grain)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (name of the teacher), bucket, a measure of grain

Note: Subject of the sentence.

पाण्डुपुत्रान् (pāṇḍuputrān) - the Pāṇḍavas (the sons of Pāṇḍu)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍuputra

pāṇḍuputra - son of Pāṇḍu

Compound of 'Pāṇḍu' (proper noun) and 'putra' (son).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (pāṇḍu+putra)

• pāṇḍu – Pāṇḍu (name of a king), pale, yellowish-white
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of the causal verb 'grāhayāmāsa'.

अस्त्राणि (astrāṇi) - weapons (in general) (weapons, missiles)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of astra

astra - weapon, missile, dart

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Object of the causal verb 'grāhayāmāsa'.

विविधानि (vividhāni) - various kinds of (various, manifold, diverse)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of vividha

vividha - various, manifold, diverse

Compound of 'vi' (different) and 'vidha' (kind/sort).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+vidha)

• vi – apart, asunder, denoting separation or distribution
  indeclinable
• vidha – kind, sort, manner
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'astrāṇi'.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'astrāṇi vividhāni' with the next elements, implying a list of things taught.

ग्राहयामास (grāhayāmāsa) - he taught (caused to learn) (he caused to seize, he caused to learn, he taught)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of grāhayā

perfect (liṭ) causal

Perfect 3rd person singular active of the causal stem of root 'grah'. Causal stem is 'grāhaya'.

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Causal verb, meaning 'caused to learn' or 'taught'.

दिव्यानि (divyāni) - divine (weapons) (divine, heavenly, celestial)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of divya

divya - divine, heavenly, celestial, wonderful

Derived from 'div' (heaven/sky).

Note: Qualifies 'astrāṇi' (implied).

मानुषाणि (mānuṣāṇi) - human (weapons) (human, pertaining to humans)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of mānuṣa

mānuṣa - human, pertaining to humans, manly

Derived from 'manuṣya' (man, human).

Note: Qualifies 'astrāṇi' (implied).

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'divyāni' and 'mānuṣāṇi'.

वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - (Droṇa) who was powerful (powerful, valorous, heroic)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīryavat

vīryavat - powerful, valorous, strong, heroic

Possessive adjective from 'vīrya' (valor, power) with suffix '-vat'.

Note: Qualifies Droṇa (implied subject).