महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-122, verse-23

अथैनमानीय तदा स्वयमेव सुसत्कृतम् ।
परिपप्रच्छ निपुणं भीष्मः शस्त्रभृतां वरः ।
हेतुमागमने तस्य द्रोणः सर्वं न्यवेदयत् ॥२३॥

23. athainamānīya tadā svayameva susatkṛtam ,
paripapraccha nipuṇaṁ bhīṣmaḥ śastrabhṛtāṁ varaḥ ,
hetumāgamane tasya droṇaḥ sarvaṁ nyavedayat.

23. atha enam ānīya tadā svayam eva
susatkṛtam paripapracha nipuṇam
bhīṣmaḥ śastrabṛtām varaḥ hetum
āgamane tasya droṇaḥ sarvam nyavedayat

23. Then, having brought him there and personally honored him, Bhīṣma, the foremost among weapon-wielders, skillfully questioned him about the reason for his arrival. Droṇa then disclosed everything.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• एनम् (enam) - Refers to Droṇa. (him (acc.))

• आनीय (ānīya) - having brought

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• स्वयम् (svayam) - Bhīṣma himself. (oneself, personally, by oneself)

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• सुसत्कृतम् (susatkṛtam) - Droṇa was well-honored. (well-honored, properly respected)

• परिपप्रछ (paripapracha) - Bhīṣma questioned Droṇa. (he questioned, he asked (repeatedly/thoroughly))

• निपुणम् (nipuṇam) - Bhīṣma questioned skillfully. (skillfully, expertly, carefully)

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - The Kuru patriarch. (Bhīṣma (proper noun))

• शस्त्रबृताम् (śastrabṛtām) - Among the weapon-wielders. (of the weapon-bearers, among those who bear weapons)

• वरः (varaḥ) - The best [among them]. (best, excellent, choicest, boon)

• हेतुम् (hetum) - The reason for his coming. (reason, cause, motive (acc.))

• आगमने (āgamane) - Concerning Droṇa's arrival. (in coming, concerning the arrival)

• तस्य (tasya) - Of Droṇa. (his, of him)

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa (proper noun)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - Everything (the reason). (all, everything (acc.))

• न्यवेदयत् (nyavedayat) - Droṇa explained everything. (he announced, he reported, he explained)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - Refers to Droṇa. (him (acc.))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of enad

enad - this, he, him

Note: Demonstrative pronoun.

आनीय (ānīya) - having brought

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

From root `nī` (to lead) with `ā` prefix, forms absolutive with `ya` suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: nī (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed from pronoun `tad`.

स्वयम् (svayam) - Bhīṣma himself. (oneself, personally, by oneself)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

सुसत्कृतम् (susatkṛtam) - Droṇa was well-honored. (well-honored, properly respected)

(Past Passive Participle)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+satkṛta)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• satkṛta – honored, respected
  Past Passive Participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `kṛ` (to do/make) with prefix `sat` (good/real).
  Prefix: sat
  Root: kṛ

Note: Acts as an adjective describing Droṇa.

परिपप्रछ (paripapracha) - Bhīṣma questioned Droṇa. (he questioned, he asked (repeatedly/thoroughly))

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of pariprach

Perfect Active Third Person Singular

From root `prach` (to ask) with `pari` prefix, perfect tense (liṭ), reduplicated.

Prefix: pari

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: Old form of perfect for `prach`.

निपुणम् (nipuṇam) - Bhīṣma questioned skillfully. (skillfully, expertly, carefully)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial usage (accusative neuter singular).

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - The Kuru patriarch. (Bhīṣma (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (proper name), terrible, formidable

शस्त्रबृताम् (śastrabṛtām) - Among the weapon-wielders. (of the weapon-bearers, among those who bear weapons)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of śastrabṛt

śastrabṛt - weapon-bearer, warrior, soldier

Compound (`śastra` + `bhṛt`). `bhṛt` is agent noun from `bhṛ`.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śastra+bhṛt)

• śastra – weapon, missile, sword
  noun (neuter)
  Root: śas
• bhṛt – bearer, upholder, supporter (from verb to bear)
  noun (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From root `bhṛ` (to bear).
  Root: bhṛ (class 3)

वरः (varaḥ) - The best [among them]. (best, excellent, choicest, boon)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, choicest, boon, bridegroom

Root: vṛ

हेतुम् (hetum) - The reason for his coming. (reason, cause, motive (acc.))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hetu

hetu - cause, reason, motive, instrument

Root: hi

Note: Object of `paripapracha`.

आगमने (āgamane) - Concerning Droṇa's arrival. (in coming, concerning the arrival)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of āgamana

āgamana - coming, arrival, approach

From root `gam` (to go) with `ā` prefix, suffix `ana`.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

तस्य (tasya) - Of Droṇa. (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Droṇa.

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (name of a preceptor); bucket, measure.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - Everything (the reason). (all, everything (acc.))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Object of `nyavedayat`.

न्यवेदयत् (nyavedayat) - Droṇa explained everything. (he announced, he reported, he explained)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of niveday

Imperfect Active Third Person Singular (causative)

From root `vid` (to know) with `ni` prefix, causative stem (`vedayati`), imperfect tense (laṅ).

Prefix: ni

Root: vid (class 4)