महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-122, verse-18

तदपश्यन्कुमारास्ते विस्मयोत्फुल्ललोचनाः ।
अवेष्क्य चोद्धृतां वीटां वीटावेद्धारमब्रुवन् ॥१८॥

18. tadapaśyankumārāste vismayotphullalocanāḥ ,
aveṣkya coddhṛtāṁ vīṭāṁ vīṭāveddhāramabruvan.

18. tat apaśyan kumārāḥ te vismayotphullalocanāḥ
aveṣkya ca uddhṛtām vīṭām vīṭāveddhāram abruvan

18. Those princes, their eyes wide open with astonishment, saw that, and having observed the retrieved ring, they spoke to the one who had pierced the ring.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that (demonstration of skill) (that, it)

• अपश्यन् (apaśyan) - they saw, they beheld

• कुमाराः (kumārāḥ) - princes, youths, boys

• ते (te) - those, they

• विस्मयोत्फुल्ललोचनाः (vismayotphullalocanāḥ) - with eyes wide open in wonder, having eyes blooming with astonishment

• अवेष्क्य (aveṣkya) - having seen, having observed, having beheld

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• उद्धृताम् (uddhṛtām) - the retrieved (ring) (lifted up, retrieved, drawn out)

• वीटाम् (vīṭām) - the ring (ring, small ring, circle)

• वीटावेद्धारम् (vīṭāveddhāram) - the piercer of the ring

• अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - they spoke, they said

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that (demonstration of skill) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अपश्यन् (apaśyan) - they saw, they beheld

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of √paś

imperfect

3rd person plural, imperfect tense, active voice (from root dṛś, takes paśya- stem in present/imperfect)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

कुमाराः (kumārāḥ) - princes, youths, boys

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kumāra

kumāra - boy, youth, prince, son, Kārtikeya (god of war)

ते (te) - those, they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विस्मयोत्फुल्ललोचनाः (vismayotphullalocanāḥ) - with eyes wide open in wonder, having eyes blooming with astonishment

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vismayotphullalocana

vismayotphullalocana - having eyes wide open in wonder

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vismaya+utphulla+locana)

• vismaya – wonder, astonishment, surprise
  noun (masculine)
  from vi-√smi (to be astonished)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: smi (class 1)
• utphulla – bloomed, expanded, wide open
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  PPP from ut-√phal (to burst forth, to bloom)
  Prefix: ut
  Root: phal (class 1)
• locana – eye, seeing
  noun (neuter)
  from root loc (to see)
  Root: loc (class 10)

Note: agrees with kumārāḥ te

अवेष्क्य (aveṣkya) - having seen, having observed, having beheld

(indeclinable)

absolutive

gerund from ava-√īkṣ (to look down, observe)

Prefix: ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

उद्धृताम् (uddhṛtām) - the retrieved (ring) (lifted up, retrieved, drawn out)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of uddhṛta

uddhṛta - lifted up, drawn out, retrieved, raised

Past Passive Participle

PPP from ud-√hṛ (to lift up, draw out)

Prefix: ud

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: agrees with vīṭām

वीटाम् (vīṭām) - the ring (ring, small ring, circle)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vīṭā

vīṭā - ring, small ring, a kind of bracelet

वीटावेद्धारम् (vīṭāveddhāram) - the piercer of the ring

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vīṭāveddhṛ

vīṭāveddhṛ - piercer of the ring

Compound type : tatpurusha (vīṭā+veddhṛ)

• vīṭā – ring, small ring, a kind of bracelet
  noun (feminine)
• veddhṛ – piercer, one who pierces or hits
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  agent noun from root vyadh (to pierce, hit)
  Root: vyadh (class 4)

अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - they spoke, they said

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of √brū

imperfect

3rd person plural, imperfect tense, active voice

Root: brū (class 2)