महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-122, verse-12

कुमारास्त्वथ निष्क्रम्य समेता गजसाह्वयात् ।
क्रीडन्तो वीटया तत्र वीराः पर्यचरन्मुदा ॥१२॥

12. kumārāstvatha niṣkramya sametā gajasāhvayāt ,
krīḍanto vīṭayā tatra vīrāḥ paryacaranmudā.

12. kumārāḥ tu atha niṣkramya sametāḥ gajasāhvayāt
krīḍantaḥ vīṭayā tatra vīrāḥ paryacaran mudā

12. Then, the princes (kumārāḥ), who were brave (vīrāḥ), came out from Hastināpura (gajasāhvayāt), gathered together, and joyfully (mudā) played there with a ball (vīṭayā).

Words meanings summery:

• कुमाराः (kumārāḥ) - princes, young boys

• तु (tu) - but, and, on the other hand

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

• निष्क्रम्य (niṣkramya) - having come out, having exited

• समेताः (sametāḥ) - assembled, gathered, met

• गजसाह्वयात् (gajasāhvayāt) - from Hastināpura (the city named after the elephant)

• क्रीडन्तः (krīḍantaḥ) - playing, frolicking

• वीटया (vīṭayā) - with a ball, by means of a ball

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• वीराः (vīrāḥ) - heroes, brave ones, champions

• पर्यचरन् (paryacaran) - wandered about, roamed, moved around

• मुदा (mudā) - with joy, happily, cheerfully

Words meanings and morphology

कुमाराः (kumārāḥ) - princes, young boys

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kumāra

kumāra - prince, boy, youth, son

Note: Subject of the sentence.

तु (tu) - but, and, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

(indeclinable)

particle indicating sequence or commencement

निष्क्रम्य (niṣkramya) - having come out, having exited

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

from nis + kram + lyap

Prefix: nis

Root: kram (class 1)

समेताः (sametāḥ) - assembled, gathered, met

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sameta

sameta - assembled, gathered, met, united

Past Passive Participle

from sam + i + kta

Prefix: sam

Root: i (class 2)

गजसाह्वयात् (gajasāhvayāt) - from Hastināpura (the city named after the elephant)

(adjective)

Ablative, neuter, singular of gajasāhvaya

gajasāhvaya - named after the elephant, Hastināpura

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gaja+sāhvaya)

• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• sāhvaya – named, called, having the name
  adjective (neuter)
  from sa + āhvaya (āhū + ghañ)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: hve (class 1)

Note: Indicates origin or departure.

क्रीडन्तः (krīḍantaḥ) - playing, frolicking

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of krīḍat

krīḍat - playing, frolicking

Present Active Participle

from krīḍ + śatṛ

Root: krīḍ (class 1)

वीटया (vīṭayā) - with a ball, by means of a ball

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vīṭā

vīṭā - a ball (for play)

Note: Instrument of playing.

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

adverb of place, from tad + tral

वीराः (vīrāḥ) - heroes, brave ones, champions

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior

Root: vīr

Note: Appositive to 'kumārāḥ'.

पर्यचरन् (paryacaran) - wandered about, roamed, moved around

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of pari-car

Prefix: pari

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Root 'car' with prefix 'pari'.

मुदा (mudā) - with joy, happily, cheerfully

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of mudā

mudā - joy, delight, pleasure

Root: mud (class 1)

Note: Denotes the manner of action.