महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-122, verse-20

द्रोण उवाच ।
आचक्षध्वं च भीष्माय रूपेण च गुणैश्च माम् ।
स एव सुमहाबुद्धिः सांप्रतं प्रतिपत्स्यते ॥२०॥

20. droṇa uvāca ,
ācakṣadhvaṁ ca bhīṣmāya rūpeṇa ca guṇaiśca mām ,
sa eva sumahābuddhiḥ sāṁprataṁ pratipatsyate.

20. droṇa uvāca ācakṣadhvam ca bhīṣmāya rūpeṇa ca guṇaiḥ
ca mām saḥ eva sumahābuddhiḥ sāṃpratam pratipatsyate

20. Droṇa said: "Describe me to Bhīṣma, both my appearance and my qualities. That very wise man will surely recognize me."

Words meanings summery:

• द्रोण (droṇa) - The name of the Brahmin teacher. (Droṇa (proper noun))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• आचक्षध्वम् (ācakṣadhvam) - You (plural) tell/describe me. (tell, relate, describe (plural imperative))

• च (ca) - and

• भीष्माय (bhīṣmāya) - to Bhīṣma

• रूपेण (rūpeṇa) - by appearance, in form

• च (ca) - and

• गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - by qualities, by virtues

• च (ca) - and

• माम् (mām) - me (acc.)

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to Bhīṣma. (he, that (one))

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• सुमहाबुद्धिः (sumahābuddhiḥ) - Refers to Bhīṣma. (very highly intelligent, very wise)

• सांप्रतम् (sāṁpratam) - now, at present, immediately

• प्रतिपत्स्यते (pratipatsyate) - will recognize [me] (will understand, will recognize, will attain)

Words meanings and morphology

द्रोण (droṇa) - The name of the Brahmin teacher. (Droṇa (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (name of a preceptor); bucket, measure.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active Third Person Singular

Root `vac`, perfect tense (liṭ).

Root: vac (class 2)

आचक्षध्वम् (ācakṣadhvam) - You (plural) tell/describe me. (tell, relate, describe (plural imperative))

(verb)

2nd person , plural, middle, imperative (loṭ) of ācakṣ

Imperative Middle Second Person Plural

From root `cakṣ` (to see, relate) with `ā` prefix, middle voice, imperative.

Prefix: ā

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

Note: Refers to the Pandavas/Kauravas who found Droṇa.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

भीष्माय (bhīṣmāya) - to Bhīṣma

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (proper name), terrible, formidable

रूपेण (rūpeṇa) - by appearance, in form

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of rūpa

rūpa - form, appearance, beauty, shape

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - by qualities, by virtues

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, virtue, merit, strand, attribute

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

माम् (mām) - me (acc.)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me, we, us

सः (saḥ) - Refers to Bhīṣma. (he, that (one))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Masculine nominative singular form.

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

सुमहाबुद्धिः (sumahābuddhiḥ) - Refers to Bhīṣma. (very highly intelligent, very wise)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumahābuddhi

sumahābuddhi - very great intellect, highly intelligent, very wise

Compound formed with `su` (good/very) + `mahā` (great) + `buddhi` (intellect).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+mahā+buddhi)

• su – good, very, well
  indeclinable
• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, wisdom
  noun (feminine)
  Root: budh

सांप्रतम् (sāṁpratam) - now, at present, immediately

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form.

प्रतिपत्स्यते (pratipatsyate) - will recognize [me] (will understand, will recognize, will attain)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, future (lṛṭ) of pratipad

Future Middle Third Person Singular

From root `pad` (to go, to obtain) with `prati` prefix, future tense.

Prefix: prati

Root: pad (class 4)