महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-122, verse-21

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
तथेत्युक्त्वा तु ते सर्वे भीष्ममूचुः पितामहम् ।
ब्राह्मणस्य वचस्तथ्यं तच्च कर्मविशेषवत् ॥२१॥

21. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tathetyuktvā tu te sarve bhīṣmamūcuḥ pitāmaham ,
brāhmaṇasya vacastathyaṁ tacca karmaviśeṣavat.

21. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca tathā iti uktvā tu te sarve bhīṣmam ūcuḥ
pitāmaham brāhmaṇasya vacaḥ tathyam tat ca karmaviśeṣavat

21. Vaiśampāyana said: Having said "So be it," all of them then spoke to Grandfather Bhīṣma, [relaying that] "The Brahmin's words are truthful, and his conduct is particularly distinguished."

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - The narrator of the Mahābhārata. (Vaiśampāyana (proper noun))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• तथा (tathā) - "So be it" (so, thus, in that manner)

• इति (iti) - Indicates the end of the quoted speech. (thus, so (quotation marker))

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• ते (te) - Refers to the young princes (Pandavas and Kauravas). (those, they)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, all of them

• भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhīṣma (acc.)

• ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said, they spoke

• पितामहम् (pitāmaham) - To Bhīṣma, who was the great-uncle/grandfather figure. (to the grandfather (acc.))

• ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - Of Droṇa. (of the Brahmin, of the priest)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, saying

• तथ्यम् (tathyam) - The words are true. (true, truthful, real)

• तत् (tat) - Refers to the whole matter or the Brahmin's statement/deed. (that, it)

• च (ca) - and

• कर्मविशेषवत् (karmaviśeṣavat) - His conduct/actions are particularly distinguished. (possessing a special action/deed/quality of action)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - The narrator of the Mahābhārata. (Vaiśampāyana (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active Third Person Singular

Root `vac`, perfect tense (liṭ).

Root: vac (class 2)

तथा (tathā) - "So be it" (so, thus, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Forms part of the idiom "tathā iti" meaning "so be it".

इति (iti) - Indicates the end of the quoted speech. (thus, so (quotation marker))

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

From root `vac`, forms absolutive with `tvā` suffix.

Root: vac (class 2)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - Refers to the young princes (Pandavas and Kauravas). (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Masculine nominative plural form.

सर्वे (sarve) - all, all of them

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhīṣma (acc.)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (proper name), terrible, formidable

ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said, they spoke

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active Third Person Plural

Root `vac`, perfect tense (liṭ).

Root: vac (class 2)

पितामहम् (pitāmaham) - To Bhīṣma, who was the great-uncle/grandfather figure. (to the grandfather (acc.))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - grandfather, great-father

Note: Used as an epithet for Bhīṣma.

ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - Of Droṇa. (of the Brahmin, of the priest)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - Brahmin, priest, related to Brahman

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, saying

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, voice, saying

Root: vac

तथ्यम् (tathyam) - The words are true. (true, truthful, real)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tathya

tathya - true, real, truthful, actual

From `tathā` (thus).

तत् (tat) - Refers to the whole matter or the Brahmin's statement/deed. (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Neuter nominative singular.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

कर्मविशेषवत् (karmaviśeṣavat) - His conduct/actions are particularly distinguished. (possessing a special action/deed/quality of action)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of karmaviśeṣavat

karmaviśeṣavat - having special actions/deeds, distinguished by actions

Compound (`karma` + `viśeṣa` + `vat-pratyaya`).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (karma+viśeṣa)

• karma – action, deed, work, (karma)
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ
• viśeṣa – distinction, particularity, specialness
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: śiṣ

Note: `vat` suffix meaning 'possessing'.